Spectrum sensing review in cognitive radio

Abstract

Cognitive Radio having the great key mechanism of enabling spectrum awareness in the Spectrum sensing. This paper deals with spectrum sensing methods used in a cognitive radio is presented and also deals disadvantages and advantages facing each sensing method. Cognitive radio facing many feature difficulties in spectrum sensing and those are measured by multi-dimensional spectrum sensing. Those tasks are enabling and revised these spectrum sensing approaches. Other alternative methods like Statistical sensing algorithms also discussed here. Moreover, statistical modelling of network utilization and also traffic models are used for estimation of primary user performance. Spectrum sensing uses dynamic spectrum model without troubling the primary users. This may improves the radio frequency usage of spectrum and it is done when both unlicensed and licensed reducing interference and also by usage of licensed users for identifying the white spaces. The concurrence of these circumstances can produce a commands where the signal to noise ratio (SNR) is below the level of detection threshold by use of sensor, and it missed detections at final result. The concept spectrum sensing is important to secondary users in cognitive radio to operate without interfering the primary users. Final review shows cooperative sensing spectrum can improve the performance of cognitive radio network by increasing the efficiency spectrum and providing a detection accuracy better. These benefits come at the cost of increased traffic overhead, complexity, power consumption, and the need for control channels. The idea of cognitive radio is planned to address the issue faced in spectrum efficiency and it provides wireless users to adapt their operating factors and dealings with the help of adjacent radio environment.