Response Systems: The Syntax and Semantics of Fragment Answers and Response Particles

IF 3 1区文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS

Annual Review of Linguistics Pub Date : 2019-01-16 DOI:10.1146/ANNUREV-LINGUISTICS-011718-012613

M. Espinal, Susagna Tubau

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引用次数: 7

Abstract

This article critically reviews the main research issues raised in the study of response systems in natural languages by addressing the syntax and semantics of fragment answers and yes/no response particles. Fragment answers include replies that do not have a sentential form, whereas response particles consist solely of an affirmative or a negative adverb. While the main research question in the syntax of fragments and response particles has been whether these contain more syntactic structure than what is actually pronounced, the key issues in the study of their semantics are question–answer congruence, the anaphoric potential of response particles, and the meaning of fragments in relation to positive and negative questions. In connection to these issues, this review suggests some interesting avenues for further research: ( a) providing an analysis of particles other than yes/no, ( b) choosing between echoic versus nonechoic forms as answers to polar questions, and ( c) deciding whether some non-lexically-based or nonverbal responses are systematically used in combination with polar particles to express (dis)agreement.

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回应系统:片段回答和回应粒子的句法和语义

本文通过解决片段回答和是/否响应粒子的语法和语义，批判性地回顾了自然语言响应系统研究中提出的主要研究问题。片段式回答包括没有句子形式的回答，而回应词仅由肯定或否定副词组成。虽然碎片语和应答词的句法研究的主要问题是它们是否包含比实际发音更多的句法结构，但它们的语义研究的关键问题是问答一致性、应答词的回指潜力以及碎片语与肯定和否定问题的意义。针对这些问题，本综述提出了一些值得进一步研究的有趣途径:(a)提供除yes/no以外的粒子分析，(b)选择回声和非回声形式作为极性问题的答案，以及(c)决定一些非基于词汇的或非语言的反应是否系统地与极性粒子结合使用来表达(不)同意。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Annual Review of Linguistics Multiple-

CiteScore

7.20

自引率

6.20%

发文量

期刊介绍： The Annual Review of Linguistics, in publication since 2015, covers significant developments in the field of linguistics, including phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, pragmatics, and their interfaces. Reviews synthesize advances in linguistic theory, sociolinguistics, psycholinguistics, neurolinguistics, language change, biology and evolution of language, typology, as well as applications of linguistics in many domains.