A microwave sensing system for aqueous concentration measurements based on a microwave reflectometer

Abstract

This paper presents a novel parameterized Debye relaxation model for aqueous glucose solutions up to 40 GHz. The influence on all Debye relaxation parameters is given by three equations. A compact microwave demon- strator for concentration measurements, consisting of two directional couplers, a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO), a six-port-junction, power detectors and a signal processing board is introduced. A hybrid calibration procedure for the reflectometer based approach is applied, based on a linear five standard calibration and a three standard error-box model, respectively.