Hierarchical Fuzzy Methodologies for Energy Efficient Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract

In recent years, the wireless sensor networks are widely used in numerous real-time applications such as WBAN monitoring and tracking. Recent developments in wireless networks have given rise to new and reliable methods for enhancing network lifetime, energy efficiency, and scalability. The power consumption of the entire wireless sensor network and the energy level of each individual sensor node are closely related by the commonly used clustering technique to manage the sensor networks. In order to optimize data transmission, the fuzzy C means algorithm is employed in this article to thoroughly analyze the cluster head while considering the energy that is available in each node and distance metrics from the base station. This study demonstrates how carefully choosing cluster heads and node clustering, which divides large networks into smaller clusters, can enhance the lifespan of a network. The proposed network uses a multi-hop routing approach, where each sensor node can independently collect and send data in order to address the data rate issue. The suggested cluster routing protocol was put to the test with 1000 data transmission rounds to demonstrate its strengths and weaknesses in terms of network lifetime and energy efficiency. The choice of the cluster head node, the distance between the nodes, and the amount of energy needed for subsequent data transmission are all considered to be random for each round. The simulation results show that the suggested methodology beats cutting-edge routing techniques and achieves a promising network performance. Furthermore, the effects of hierarchical cluster head selection point to the potential of our method for use in WSN in the future. The following tests were performed using computer simulation, including comparing the effect of network life on the increased number of rounds before and after the influence of an energy-efficient routing protocol, and examining performance metrics for network lifetime.