ANALYSIS OF REASONS OF HIGH-RISE BUILDINGS FIRE HAZARD IN LVIV

Abstract

Over the last year, the number of new buildings in Lviv has increased by 30%. Most of them are the high-rise buildings. In this regard, the problem of fire safety of such buildings appears sharper. In our time, one of the main requirements in building standards is to ensure the life safety. Fire safety is an integral part of the life safety. The main causes of the fires, difficulties of their liquidation, the problems of self-management, the reliability of the systems of fire water supply, fire barriers and the evacuation of people from high-rise buildings were analyzed in the article. The causes of the rapid spread of fires in multi-store buildings were revealed. The analysis of the example of fires clearly shows problems of fire safety, admitted at the stage of construction of the high-rise buildings. The actual situation in such buildings is characterized by the following disadvantages: the fire alarm system often is in an unfit condition because of dismantling of the fire alarm sensors by the residents; the common floor-corridors are blocked by additional partitions, causing difficulties in the work of the smoke exhaust systems; there are no self-closing doors and their sealing in the shelters, which allows smoke to spread freely in the house and creates the preconditions for rapid vertical fire spreading. The protection of people on evacuation routes is provided by a complex of planning, constructive, engineering, technical and organizational measures, such as smoke protection, proper fire resistance and fire propagation limits of the structures, providing and proper decoration of evacuation routes, smokeproof stairways, annunciator systems, etc. Therefore, introducing of fire safety systems in high-rise buildings is a priority task at the stage of their designing, construction, and operation.