Rapid destruction of PVC piping by boring bivalves

Abstract

It is becoming common practise to select plastics such as unplasticised polyvinyl chloride (PVC) for construction of submarine pipes and intakes, especially for service in conditions where wood is susceptible to attack. Recent cases indicate, however, that these materials may not necessarily be immune. Failure of PVC piping on the north coast of Java from attack by boring pholads, Martesia striata, occurred in approximately one year. It appears to be the most rapid yet reported. Destruction by marine borers within one to three years at this and other polluted harbour locations around the world lead us to conclude that eutrophication of the environment from anthropogenic sources can accelerate attack and biodeterioration of marine materials.