Pheochromocytoma in a Pediatric Patient: A Case Report

Abstract

A pheochromocytoma is a rare catecholamine secreting neuroendocrine tumor, originating within the adrenal medulla. Most cases present with a hypertensive crisis and a classic triad of headaches, sweating, and palpitations. A positive prognosis is projected for patients after operative removal of the tumor. Early detection of this tumor is crucial as it can be fatal if left untreated. Clinical signs and symptoms, diagnostic criteria, and imaging appearances are described to assist in this case of a pheochromocytoma, detected in a pediatric patient. A 16-year-old female presented to the hospital with symptoms of chest pain, hypertensive crisis, and vision loss. A renal sonogram was performed and revealed a left sided adrenal mass. Correlating the sonogram with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), tumor markers, and clinical presentation confirmed this pathology as a benign pheochromocytoma in a pediatric patient with hypertension. Medical and surgical intervention was provided to yeild a positive outcome for this patient.