Ultrastructural behavior of cell wall polysaccharides

D. Fengel
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

Studies on the behavior of wood polysaccharides inside and outside the cell wall were carried out under varying conditions using the electron microscope in combination with physico-chemical methods to gain new information on the super- molecular structure of the polysaccharides. Several fractions containing different polyoses were obtained by fractionation of the alkali extract of holocellulose. Isolated polyoses are at least partially able to arrange themselves in fibrillar elements. After delignification, the cellulose is recognizable within the cell wall as microfibrils with an average diameter of about 250 À. However, these fibrillar units seem to be rather unstable as they can easily be split into units 120 À in diameter by chemical treatment. After partial hydrolysis, isolated cellulose shows more subunits about 30 A in diameter at higher magnification. Moreover, the more sensitive portions of the fibrils in the longitudinal direction are attacked by partial hydrolysis, and these portions seem to grow with increasing duration of the hydrolysis. Fractionation of cellulose isolated from thermally treated wood shows that the chain fragments are multiples about 300 À in length, A tentative model of the supermolecular arrangement of the cellulose in relation to the other cell wall components is presented.
细胞壁多糖的超微结构行为
在不同条件下,利用电子显微镜结合理化方法对木材多糖细胞壁内外的行为进行了研究,获得了木材多糖超分子结构的新信息。对综纤维素的碱提物进行分馏,得到了几种含不同多糖的组分。分离的多聚体至少部分能够将自己排列成纤维状元件。脱木质素后,纤维素在细胞壁内被识别为微原纤维,平均直径约为250 À。然而,这些纤维单位似乎相当不稳定,因为它们很容易通过化学处理分裂成直径为120 À的单位。部分水解后,分离的纤维素在较高的放大倍率下显示出更多直径约为30a的亚基。此外,原纤维纵向上较敏感的部分受到部分水解的攻击,这些部分似乎随着水解时间的增加而增长。从热处理木材中分离的纤维素的分拣表明,链片段的长度约为300 À的倍数,纤维素的超分子排列与其他细胞壁组分的关系提出了一个暂定模型。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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