Tailings Pond Life Cycle Safety Management System

Quanming Li, Hong Zhang, Gang Li
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

China, a globally recognized major mining country, holds one of the largest quantities of tailings pond country in the world. The total number of mines in China has been ranked first in the world. It is a major concern for Chinese safety management to give great importance for tailings pond safety, stability and sustainable development. For the past few years, China has increased efforts to investigate and govern discrete issues of tailings and to carry out a series of special renovation and comprehensive treatment actions to improve safety management levels and to decrease the likelihood of tailings pond accidents. In the end of 2015, China successfully eliminated hazardous tailings ponds and dangerous tailings ponds. Moreover, the total number of tailings decreased from 12,273 to 8,869. However, there are still 1,425 "head-top" tailings that threaten the lower masses’ safety. This greatly signifies the Chinese tailings pond safety, stability as well as sustainable development. In turn, this may improve the Chinese tailings life cycle safety management system and help reach the goal of attaining closed-loop management in the tailings pond life cycle. Based on the summary of the tailings pond accidents in both China and other countries from 1961 to 2015, and by analyzing the types and causes of accident, this paper investigated the successful experiences and effective measurements of British Columbia (Canada) and Australia in the tailings pond life cycle safety management. This paper summed up each country’s tailings life cycle safety management requirements and analysed the characteristics and differences of tailings safety management by comparing 5 aspects: tailings life cycle safety management process, main design parameter, construction requirements, monitoring, and the tailings pond closing management. Based on these observations, this paper suggests some measurements to improve the tailings pond life cycle safety management in China, such as strengthening tailings pond safety management, improving tailings classification, increasing design parameter values, establishing mine reclamation fund, and so on.
尾矿库全生命周期安全管理体系
中国是世界公认的矿业大国,也是世界上拥有尾矿库数量最多的国家之一。中国矿山总量已居世界首位。重视尾矿库的安全、稳定和可持续发展,是我国安全管理工作关注的重点。近年来,中国加大了对尾矿库离散问题的调查和治理力度,开展了一系列专项整治和综合治理行动,提高了尾矿库安全管理水平,降低了尾矿库事故发生的可能性。2015年底,中国成功淘汰了危险尾矿库和危险尾矿库。尾矿总数由12273个减少到8869个。但仍有1425处“顶顶”尾矿对下层群众的安全构成威胁。这对我国尾矿库的安全、稳定和可持续发展具有重要意义。进而完善我国尾矿库全生命周期安全管理体系,实现尾矿库全生命周期闭环管理的目标。本文在总结1961 - 2015年国内外尾矿库事故的基础上,通过对事故类型和原因的分析,探讨了加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省和澳大利亚在尾矿库全生命周期安全管理方面的成功经验和有效措施。本文通过对尾矿生命周期安全管理流程、主要设计参数、施工要求、监测、尾矿库关闭管理5个方面的比较,总结了各国尾矿生命周期安全管理要求,分析了尾矿安全管理的特点和差异。在此基础上,提出了加强尾矿库安全管理、完善尾矿库分类、提高设计参数值、建立矿山复垦基金等措施,以提高中国尾矿库生命周期安全管理水平。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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