Some peculiarities of obtaining composite materials, based on alicyclic (co)polyimide and polyethylene glycol (Review)

Abstract

The current trend in obtaining new structural polymeric materials for mechanical engineering, agriculture, food industry, instrumentation, electrical engineering, electronics, and other industries is the development and use of mixed compositions based on structural thermoplastics. A special place among the initial components for the creation of structural materials is occupied by heat-resistant polymers, in particular polyimides. Сurrently, lots of thermoplastic and thermosetting polyimides and other imide-containing film-forming polymers have been synthesized and successfully processed into composite materials with special properties.The goal of this research was to consider the features of obtaining binary and ternary polymer mixtures based on alicyclic (co)polyimides containing polyethylene glycol with other polymeric additives and the mineral montmorillonite. Based on the IR spectroscopy data of compositions and films, the effect of the surfactant polyethylene glycol on the compatibility of components in the composition and the possible mechanism of interactions of polyfunctional polymers as well as alkylated montmorillonite is shown. The formation peculiarities of ternary compositions (co)polyimide + polyethylene glycol + an additional component (polyacrylamide, polyethyleneterephthalate, alkylated montmorillonite) is provided. The thermal and physical-mechanical properties of the films formed from composites, determined by the appropriate methods of thermogravimetric analysis and stretching of the material at a constant strain rate are presented. It was established that the best indicators of the studied properties are polyimide (copolyimide) + polyethylene glycol + alkylated montmorillonite composite films where the decomposition start temperature is 430 ºС, the breaking strength is 200 MPa, and the relative extension is about 24%.