Improving the Alignment of Measles Notification in Nigeria with Response Activities (Measles Immunization): An Overview from 2012-2016

S. Bello, A. Saka, M. Adeboye, A. Ojuawo
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Abstract

Immunization is a proven tool for controlling and eliminating life-threatening infectious diseases and is estimated to avert between 2 and 3 million deaths each year globally. Measles is one of the viral diseases preventable with adequate measles routine immunization (MRI). WHO has the mandate that by the end of 2020, at least five WHO regions amongst which is Africa should have eliminated measles. This study examined improving the alignment of measles notification with response activities (measles immunization) retrospectively in Nigeria from 2012-2016.This is a 5 year retrospective MRI data from 2012-2016 collected from the National Primary Health Care Development Agency (NPHCDA), the agency responsible for immunization in the country with the permission of the Chief Executive Officer (CEO). This was examined to ascertain the extent of MRI coverage in Nigeria for five years. Also, measles data from the Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response (IDSR) collected from the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) was examined for the same period of time (2012-2016). The collected data were analyzed to see if MRI and measles cases are synergistic and aligned to eliminating measles. The MRI coverage for the observed years appeared relatively high, yet the measles cases were also relatively high; suggesting that MRI coverage did not have significant effect in reducing the number of measles cases in the observed. Specifically, the number of measles cases in the North zones was relatively higher than the South zones despite apparent increase in MRI coverage in the North (2012-2016). The South zones showed inconsistencies in MRI coverage. From this study, there is need for NCDC and NPHCDA to brainstorm and collaborate to consider strategies to harmoniously combat measles and key into the principles of the measles 2nd dose vaccination (MCV2) if Nigeria is to progress to the elimination phase of measles infection.Keywords: Measles vaccine, Infectious disease, measles elimination, Nigeria,
改进尼日利亚麻疹通报与应对活动(麻疹免疫)的一致性:2012-2016年概述
免疫接种是一种经过验证的控制和消除威胁生命的传染病的工具,估计每年可在全球避免200万至300万人死亡。麻疹是一种可通过充分的麻疹常规免疫(MRI)预防的病毒性疾病。世卫组织的任务是,到2020年底,世卫组织至少有五个区域(其中包括非洲)应消除麻疹。本研究回顾性调查了尼日利亚2012-2016年麻疹通报与应对活动(麻疹免疫接种)的一致性改善情况。这是从国家初级卫生保健发展机构(NPHCDA)收集的2012-2016年5年回顾性MRI数据,该机构在首席执行官(CEO)的许可下负责该国的免疫工作。对这一情况进行了检查,以确定尼日利亚五年的MRI覆盖范围。此外,还对同期(2012-2016年)从尼日利亚疾病控制中心(NCDC)收集的来自疾病综合监测和应对(IDSR)的麻疹数据进行了检查。对收集的数据进行分析,以确定MRI和麻疹病例是否具有协同作用,并与消除麻疹相一致。观察年份的MRI覆盖率相对较高,麻疹病例也相对较高;这表明MRI覆盖在减少观察到的麻疹病例数量方面没有显着效果。具体而言,尽管北部MRI覆盖率明显增加(2012-2016年),但北部地区的麻疹病例数相对高于南部地区。南部区MRI覆盖范围不一致。根据这项研究,如果尼日利亚要进入消除麻疹感染的阶段,NCDC和NPHCDA需要集思广益并开展合作,以考虑协调防治麻疹的战略,并将麻疹第二剂疫苗接种(MCV2)的原则纳入其中。关键词:麻疹疫苗,传染病,麻疹消除,尼日利亚,
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