Formation of acetamide in interstellar medium

Q2 Physics and Astronomy

Molecular Astrophysics Pub Date : 2018-11-01 DOI:10.1016/j.molap.2018.06.002

Lois Foo , Attila Surányi , Andrea Guljas , Milán Szőri , John Justine Villar , Béla Viskolcz , Imre G. Csizmadia , Anita Rágyanszki , Béla Fiser

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引用次数: 6

Abstract

Acetamide (C₂H₅NO) is the largest molecule containing a peptide bond, which is an amine (-NH₂) group bonded to a carbonyl (C = O) group, that has yet been detected in interstellar medium (ISM). It is also considered to be a precursor for amino acids (the building blocks of proteins). Formation of acetamide in ISM is believed to occur due based on evidence for the existence of the molecule itself and its component smaller species in ISM. A case study of acetamide is presented here, to introduce a new method to determine its possible formation reaction pathways in ISM based on the molecular formula of a species. All possible species with the same molecular formula as acetamide (C₂H₅NO) but with different connectivity, the so-called constitutional isomers of the molecule (198 structures, 91 unique species), were created and studied under the extreme conditions of dense molecular clouds. Acetamide was found to be the most stable of the C₂H₅NO isomer family. Based on the stability of the uni- and bimolecular species, eight reactions were proposed which could led to the formation of acetamide in ISM.

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星际介质中乙酰胺的形成

乙酰胺(C2H5NO)是迄今为止在星际介质(ISM)中发现的含有肽键的最大分子，肽键是一个胺(-NH2)基团与羰基(C = O)基团结合。它也被认为是氨基酸(蛋白质的组成部分)的前体。乙酰胺在ISM中的形成被认为是由于在ISM中存在分子本身及其组成的较小物种的证据。本文以乙酰胺为例，介绍了一种基于物质分子式确定其在ISM中可能形成反应途径的新方法。所有可能与乙酰胺(C2H5NO)具有相同分子式但具有不同连通性的物质，即所谓的分子结构异构体(198种结构，91种独特的物质)，在密集分子云的极端条件下被创造和研究。乙酰胺是C2H5NO同分异构体家族中最稳定的。基于单分子和双分子的稳定性，提出了8种可能在ISM中形成乙酰胺的反应。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Molecular Astrophysics ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS-

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期刊介绍： Molecular Astrophysics is a peer-reviewed journal containing full research articles, selected review articles, and thematic issues. Molecular Astrophysics is a new journal where researchers working in planetary and exoplanetary science, astrochemistry, astrobiology, spectroscopy, physical chemistry and chemical physics can meet and exchange their ideas. Understanding the origin and evolution of interstellar and circumstellar molecules is key to understanding the Universe around us and our place in it and has become a fundamental goal of modern astrophysics. Molecular Astrophysics aims to provide a platform for scientists studying the chemical processes that form and dissociate molecules, and control chemical abundances in the universe, particularly in Solar System objects including planets, moons, and comets, in the atmospheres of exoplanets, as well as in regions of star and planet formation in the interstellar medium of galaxies. Observational studies of the molecular universe are driven by a range of new space missions and large-scale scale observatories opening up. With the Spitzer Space Telescope, the Herschel Space Observatory, the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA), NASA''s Kepler mission, the Rosetta mission, and more major future facilities such as NASA''s James Webb Space Telescope and various missions to Mars, the journal taps into the expected new insights and the need to bring the various communities together on one platform. The journal aims to cover observational, laboratory as well as computational results in the galactic, extragalactic and intergalactic areas of our universe.