The differential impacts of socioeconomic status on vulnerability in urban contexts: a probit analysis of older women in the United States

IF 2.5 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

International Journal of Urban Sustainable Development Pub Date : 2022-05-17 DOI:10.1080/19463138.2022.2060236

Fred Olayele, Poorvi Goel

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引用次数: 1

Abstract

ABSTRACT This paper integrates a unique dimension of gender in the analysis of economic vulnerability in urban contexts by focusing on women aged 50 and older. We use a probit model to predict the likelihood of vulnerability with a zero-one dummy dependent variable, and four categories of socioeconomic characteristics as predictors: educational attainment, labour market participation, individual demographics, and household characteristics. Using a pooled cross-section of data from the American Community Survey (2013–2017 5-Year estimates), we explore the transmission channel of vulnerability across the four largest cities in the US. The results show, through average marginal effects, a strong association between economic vulnerability and key socioeconomic indicators. The findings support the view that gender differences in labour market participation remain key in explaining disparities. Our two policy prescriptions focus on a more targeted approach in implementing retirement policy changes and loosening the link between labour supply and income.

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城市环境中社会经济地位对脆弱性的不同影响:美国老年妇女的概率分析

本文以50岁及以上女性为研究对象，在分析城市经济脆弱性时引入了独特的性别维度。我们使用概率模型来预测脆弱性的可能性，该模型带有一个0 - 1的虚拟因变量，并使用四类社会经济特征作为预测因子:受教育程度、劳动力市场参与、个人人口统计和家庭特征。利用美国社区调查(2013-2017年5年估计)的汇总横截面数据，我们探索了美国四大城市脆弱性的传播渠道。结果表明，通过平均边际效应，经济脆弱性与关键社会经济指标之间存在很强的关联。研究结果支持了这样一种观点，即劳动力市场参与的性别差异仍然是解释差异的关键。我们的两项政策处方侧重于更有针对性地实施退休政策改革和放松劳动力供应与收入之间的联系。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

International Journal of Urban Sustainable Development ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES-

CiteScore

4.00

自引率

4.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： International Journal of Urban Sustainable Development aims to provide a forum for cutting-edge research and rigorous debate for an in-depth and holistic understanding of the complex inter-related environmental, social, economic, political, spatial, institutional and physical challenges facing urban areas. Its premise is that multi-disciplinary approaches provide the space for the range of disciplines and perspectives related to the full breadth of issues that affect urban sustainable development.