How Communicating Vaccine Benefits and Harms in Fact Boxes Affects Risk Perceptions

IF 1.3 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL
Lisa Felgendreff, Frank Renkewitz, C. Betsch
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Abstract

Abstract: Background: A fact box is a promising tool for benefit-risk communication. This compact table summarizes the benefits and harms of a health-related intervention and compares the intervention to a control group. Although previous research has demonstrated that fact boxes are well understood, little is known about how they affect risk perceptions. Risk perception is particularly relevant to vaccination behavior. Aims: Two experiments investigated how different profiles of vaccine benefits and harms influence risk perceptions and the intention to vaccinate. Method: In Experiment 1, 430 participants were included in a 4 (benefits [vaccine effectiveness]) × 2 (harms [probability of vaccine adverse events]) between-subjects design. In Experiment 2, 541 participants were included in a 2 (benefits) × 2 (harms) × 2 (comprehension test conducted before or after assessment of risk perceptions) between-subjects design. Measures: Perceived risk of vaccination, intention to vaccinate, comprehension, and, in Experiment 2 only, perceived risk of non-vaccination. Results: Greater benefits decreased the perceived risk of vaccination and increased the intention to vaccinate. More harms increased the perceived risk of vaccination and, in Experiment 2 only, decreased the intention to vaccinate. More benefits increased the perceived risk of non-vaccination. Exploratory analyses showed that the comprehension and position of a comprehension test influenced risk perceptions. Limitations: The experiments used MTurk convenience samples and a fictitious disease. Conclusion: Communicating vaccine profiles in fact boxes affects risk perceptions. Additional measures may cue a deeper elaboration of the vaccine profile.
在事实框中传达疫苗的益处和危害如何影响风险认知
摘要:背景:事实箱是一种很有前途的利益-风险沟通工具。这个紧凑的表格总结了与健康相关的干预措施的益处和危害,并将干预措施与对照组进行了比较。尽管先前的研究已经证明事实框已经被很好地理解,但人们对它们如何影响风险认知知之甚少。风险认知与疫苗接种行为尤其相关。目的:两个实验调查了不同的疫苗益处和危害概况如何影响风险认知和接种意愿。方法:在实验1中,430名参与者被纳入4(获益[疫苗有效性])× 2(危害[疫苗不良事件概率])的受试者间设计。实验2采用2(益处)× 2(危害)× 2(风险认知评估前后进行理解性测试)的被试设计,共纳入541名被试。测量:接种疫苗的感知风险,接种疫苗的意图,理解,以及(仅在实验2中)不接种疫苗的感知风险。结果:更大的益处降低了接种疫苗的感知风险,增加了接种疫苗的意愿。更多的危害增加了接种疫苗的感知风险,并且,仅在实验2中,降低了接种疫苗的意愿。更多的益处增加了未接种疫苗的感知风险。探索性分析表明,理解测验的理解和位置影响风险感知。局限性:实验使用了MTurk方便样本和虚构的疾病。结论:传播疫苗概况会影响风险认知。进一步的措施可能促使对疫苗概况进行更深入的阐述。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.00
自引率
0.00%
发文量
29
期刊介绍: Die "Zeitschrift für Gesundheitspsychologie" wurde gegründet, um dem raschen Anwachsen gesundheitspsychologischer Forschung sowie deren Relevanz für verschiedene Anwendungsfelder gerecht zu werden. Gesundheitspsychologie versteht sich als wissenschaftlicher Beitrag der Psychologie zur Förderung und Erhaltung von Gesundheit, zur Verhütung und Behandlung von Krankheiten, zur Bestimmung von Risikoverhaltensweisen, zur Diagnose und Ursachenbestimmung von gesundheitlichen Störungen sowie zur Verbessung des Systems gesundheitlicher Vorsorge.
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