Biphasic action of ethanol

L.A. Pohorecky
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引用次数: 357

Abstract

Physiological, behavioral, and biochemical evidence demonstrating the excitatory and depressant effects of ethanol in man and experimental animals is reviewed. An excitatory action is noted on exposure of an organism to low doses of ethanol. Thus stimulatory effects of ethanol on motor activity, various behaviors, EEG activation, and gastric acid secretion are well documented. A stimulatory effect of ethanol is also noted as a delayed response (after 7–18 hr) with large doses of ethanol. Examples here include seizure susceptibility, some neurotransmitter mechanisms (norepinephrine, acetylcholine), and sensitivity to pain. It is likely that differences in dosage and of the time of observation after ethanol treatment have contributed to some extent to the variability of results reported in the literature. Some implications and possible mechanisms for the biphasic actions of ethanol are discussed.

乙醇的双相作用
综述了乙醇在人体和实验动物中的兴奋和抑制作用的生理、行为和生化证据。当生物体暴露于低剂量乙醇时,可观察到兴奋作用。因此,乙醇对运动活动、各种行为、脑电图激活和胃酸分泌的刺激作用已被充分证明。大剂量乙醇的刺激作用还表现为延迟反应(7-18小时后)。这里的例子包括癫痫易感性、一些神经递质机制(去甲肾上腺素、乙酰胆碱)和对疼痛的敏感性。很可能是剂量和乙醇处理后观察时间的差异在一定程度上导致了文献中报道的结果的可变性。讨论了乙醇双相作用的一些意义和可能的机制。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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