Analysis on Carbon Dioxide Storage and Injection into Oil ‎Reservoirs to Improve Extraction from Reservoirs

Abstract

The several methods have been proposed to reduce propagation of CO2 to increase density of carbon dioxide gas in atmosphere of earth planet e.g. CO2 flooding for the sake of underground extraction and storage Consuming fossil fuels has led to production of 27 billion tons of carbon dioxide throughout the world where it is followed by many adverse effects on environment. Thus, presentation of strategies for controlling and reduction of propagation of such gases is deemed as one of the foremost research preferences out of which propagation of greenhouse gases and injection of them in geological formation is one of the paramount techniques for reduction of propagation of greenhouse gases. This process is an early-efficient process that can cause reducing the great volume of dissemination of this gas through atmosphere. In this technique, CO2 is extracted from propagation sources and transferred by pipeline to the injection site and stored in subterranean formations through injection wells. On the other hand, linking this process to oil over-extraction operation is one of the methods for making CO2 gas storage process economic. The great volume of CO2 is injected into the reservoir in this process that increases oil extraction and justifies totally this operation in terms of cost-effectiveness. The studies show that if CO2 is injected into the reservoir under optimal conditions (suitable injection model and operational conditions and with CO2 in purified mode), it not only leads to producing great amounts of oil left in reservoir, but also it can prepare the ground for storage and prevention from wasting the huge amount of this greenhouse gas. The oil over-extraction technique by CO2flooding is a totally well-known technology. Carbon dioxide, both in miscible and or immiscible form, can favorably affect pressure of reservoir. CO2 causes inflation in oil in miscible form and it causes reducing viscosity of crude oil. The reduced viscosity of CO2 is led to easier motion of oil toward the produced oil well. Similarly, the immiscible CO2 also increases pressure of reservoir. Combination of these factors increases rate of oil extraction. The rate of increase in efficiency is at least 25% in this technique, but the real outcome is much noticeable because by injection of CO2 gas into oil reservoirs, one of the foremost environmental pollutants is reduced. It has been discussed about method of storage and injection of CO2 into oil reservoirs in this paper.