On the Ginzburg-Landau energy with a magnetic field vanishing along a curve

Abstract

The energy of a type II superconductor placed in a strong non-uniform, smooth and signed magnetic field is displayed via a universal characteristic function defined by means of a simplified two dimensional Ginzburg-Landau functional. We study the asymptotic behavior of this functional in a specific asymptotic regime, thereby linking it to a one dimensional functional, using methods developed by Almog-Helffer and Fournais-Helffer devoted to the analysis of surface superconductivity in the presence of a uniform magnetic field. As a result, we obtain an asymptotic formula reminiscent of the one for the surface superconductivity regime, where the zero set of the magnetic field plays the role of the superconductor's surface.