Hormone Therapy in Breast Cancer: Where do We Stand?

Abstract

Breast cancer is not only the most common malignancy but also the leading causes of cancer-related deaths in women worldwide. The management of breast cancer is subtype driven and determination of hormone receptor [HR] status, a major driving force for the tumor growth is of paramount importance. The use of hormone therapy [HT] to treat HR positive breast cancer is practiced for more than a century and is one of the pivotal examples of precision medicine. The present perspective focuses on the state of the art hormone therapy for early and advanced breast cancer in both pre and post-menopausal women. Recent advances in HT strategies, with respect to single or combination therapy use, adding agents targeting HT resistance, checkpoint inhibitors, and optimal duration of endocrine therapy are also being addressed. Opportunities for individualized patient care are discussed.