Valentina Gnoni, Michel Mesquita, David O'Regan, Alessio Delogu, Ivan Chakalov, Andrea Antal, Allan H Young, Romola S Bucks, Melinda L Jackson, Ivana Rosenzweig
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a multisystem, debilitating, chronic disorder of breathing during sleep, resulting in a relatively consistent pattern of cognitive deficits. More recently, it has been argued that those cognitive deficits, especially in middle-aged patients, may be driven by cardiovascular and metabolic comorbidities, rather than by distinct OSA-processes, such as are for example ensuing nocturnal intermittent hypoxaemia, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and sleep fragmentation.
Methods: Thus, we undertook to define cognitive performance in a group of 27 middle-aged male patients with untreated OSA, who had no concomitant comorbidities, compared with seven matched controls (AHI mean ± S.D.: 1.9 ± 1.4 events/h; mean age 34.0 ± 9.3 years; mean BMI 23.8 ± 2.3 kg/m2). Of the 27 patients, 16 had mild OSA (AHI mean ± S.D.:11.7 ± 4.0 events/h; mean age 42.6 ± 8.2 years; mean BMI 26.7 ± 4.1 kg/m2), and 11 severe OSA (AHI 41.8 ± 20.7 events/h; age: 46.9 ± 10.9 years, BMI: 28.0 ± 3.2 kg/m2).
Results: In our patient cohort, we demonstrate poorer executive-functioning, visuospatial memory, and deficits in vigilance sustained attention, psychomotor and impulse control. Remarkably, we also report, for the first time, effects on social cognition in this group of male, middle-aged OSA patients.
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that distinct, OSA-driven processes may be sufficient for cognitive changes to occur as early as in middle age, in otherwise healthy individuals.
期刊介绍:
International Journal of Systems Science (IJSS) is a world leading journal dedicated to publishing high quality, rigorously reviewed, original papers that contribute to the methodology and practice in emerging systems engineering themes of intelligence, autonomy and complexity.
Modern systems are becoming more and more complex and sophisticated in their demand for performance, reliability and increasing autonomy. Historically, highly analytic and numeric-based methods have sufficed, frequently simplifying the problem to allow analytical tractability. Many manufactured and natural systems (biological, ecological and socio-economic) cannot be adequately represented or analyzed without requiring multiple interacting and interconnected frameworks and a common information-processing framework. A wide range of new theories, methodologies and techniques are required to ‘enable’ such systems, and thus engineering and integration to deal with these demands.
IJSS therefore encourages original submissions in these areas, with special focus on papers that are strongly novel as well as not being overly applied. Proposals for special issues in cutting-edge areas of systems science are encouraged, and should be discussed with the Editor-in-Chief.
Papers that cover those topics related to operations management and logistics will not be accepted for publication in IJSS. Instead they should be submitted directly to sister journal International Journal of Systems Science: Operations & Logistics.
Queries regarding submissions can be made by contacting the Editor-in-Chief, whose decision is final.