Exploration par ultrasons des veines des membres inférieurs

A. Elias (MD PhD)
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引用次数: 3

Abstract

Combined B mode and Doppler ultrasound techniques is now considered the preferential method for investigating lower limb venous network. It allows direct examination of the vessels and provides anatomic and physiologic information. This non-invasive method has two major clinical indications: the diagnosis of vein-thrombosis and the assessment of chronic venous disease. Detection of lower-limb deep-vein thrombosis has been assessed mainly in three situations: in patients with clinically suspected deep-vein thrombosis or with clinically suspected pulmonary embolism, and in those at high risk of venous thrombo-embolism in screening. Lower-limb venous ultrasound was compared with a reference standard or with clinical outcome. Various diagnostic managements have been recommended combining clinical assessment and D- dimer plasma measurement in venous thrombosis as well as also helical computed tomography in pulmonary embolism. Before they can be used in clinical practice, diagnostic strategies need to be compared in term of cost-effectiveness. Feasibility as well as availability of equipment and expertise must also be taken into consideration. Lower-limb venous ultrasound remains also highly useful as a complementary tool to the clinical assessment for determining the aetiology, the anatomy and the pathophysiology of chronic venous disease.

下肢静脉的超声探查
目前,B超和多普勒联合超声技术被认为是检查下肢静脉网络的首选方法。它允许直接检查血管,并提供解剖和生理信息。这种无创的方法有两个主要的临床适应症:静脉血栓的诊断和慢性静脉疾病的评估。下肢深静脉血栓的检测主要在三种情况下进行评估:临床怀疑有深静脉血栓形成或临床怀疑有肺栓塞的患者,以及筛查时静脉血栓-栓塞高危人群。下肢静脉超声与参考标准或临床结果进行比较。多种诊断方法已被推荐用于静脉血栓的临床评估和D-二聚体血浆测量,以及肺栓塞的螺旋计算机断层扫描。在应用于临床实践之前,诊断策略需要在成本效益方面进行比较。还必须考虑到设备和专门知识的可行性和可用性。下肢静脉超声在确定慢性静脉疾病的病因、解剖学和病理生理学的临床评估中仍然是非常有用的辅助工具。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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