IMPACTO DE AZOSPIRILLUM BRASILENSE, UNA RIZOBACTERIA QUE ESTIMULA LA PRODUCCIÓN DEL ÁCIDO INDOL-3-ACÉTICO COMO EL MECANISMO DE MEJORA DEL CRECIMIENTO DE LAS PLANTAS EN LOS CULTIVOS AGRÍCOLAS

Abstract

Azospirillum is a rhizobacteria capable of promoting the plant growth of different crops of agronomic interest. Up to now, 21 species are known, the most studied being Azospirillum brasilense. The effect of the use of the bacterium in corn crops has been reported, having been determined in parameters such as plant height and chlorophyll content, including an increase in the amount of fixed nitrogen from the atmosphere. Similarly, in soybean and wheat crops, a significant benefit has been reported in the increase in chlorophyll content related to the increase in grain yield per hectare. The main mechanism by which Azospirillum improves plant growth is through the production of phytohormones, mainly the indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), which is generated in the plant, but in nanomolar quantities, participating in various functions. It is known that the main route to the production of IAA is through the amino acid tryptophan (TRP) by means of four routes: 1) indole-3-acetonitrile (IAN), 2) indole-3-acetamide (IAM) 3) indole-3pyruvic acid (IPyA) and 4) Tryptamine (TAM). Through various studies, it is known that there is an independent TRP route but, until now, the metabolites involved in the route, the levels of expression and the environmental circumstances in which it is expressed are not known. *Corresponding author: jliceah1800@alumno.ipn.mx Received 12 3