Orientia tsutsugamushi: Diversity and Distribution in India: A Review

科技视界 Pub Date : 2022-09-30 DOI:10.33493/scivis.21.03.01

Vanramliana, Lalfakzuala Pautu, Pachuau Lalmalsawma, G. Rosangkima, Deborah Lalnghakmawii

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Abstract

Scrub typhus is a disease caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi which is an obligate, intracellular gram-negative bacterium. It is endemic to a part of the world known as “tsutsugamushi triangle.” This extends from Japan, China, Taiwan, South Koria, Nepal, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Australian states of Queensland and Northern New South Wales. In India, it has been recognized for several years and the disease widely spread all over the country. The severity of scrub typhus disease has been reported to be strain dependent in humans. Orientia tsutsugamushi strains have been examined by various research tools. PCR amplification and sequencing of 56-kDa antigen gene is one of the most advanced tool in identifying O. tsutsugamushi strains and genotypes. In the present review, English-language literature for reports of Orientia tsutsugamushi genotype diversity and distribution in India was searched using PubMed and Google Scholar databases. The search terms scrub typhus or mite typhus or tropical typhus or tsutsugamushi disease or Orientia tsutsugamushi or Rickettsia tsutsugamushiwere used in combination with the term genotypes or strains or serotypes. The result of present review revealed limited Information related to genotype diversity and distribution in the country. Understanding a more detailed regional genetic diversity is required in region-specific vaccine development strategies andsero-diagnostics tools.

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恙虫病东方体:印度的多样性和分布:综述

恙虫病是一种由恙虫病东方体引起的疾病，恙虫病东方体是一种专性的细胞内革兰氏阴性细菌。它是世界上一个被称为“恙虫病三角区”的地区的地方性疾病。这包括日本、中国、台湾、韩国、尼泊尔、巴基斯坦、巴布亚新几内亚、澳大利亚昆士兰州和新南威尔士州北部。在印度，人们几年前就认识到了这种疾病，这种疾病在全国广泛传播。据报道，人类恙虫病的严重程度依赖于菌株。恙虫病东方体菌株已通过各种研究工具进行了检验。56-kDa抗原基因的PCR扩增和测序是检测恙虫病恙虫体株和基因型的最先进工具之一。在本综述中，使用PubMed和Google Scholar数据库检索了印度恙虫病东方体基因型多样性和分布报告的英文文献。搜索词恙虫病或螨性斑疹伤寒或热带斑疹伤寒或恙虫病或恙虫东方体或恙虫立克次体与术语基因型或菌株或血清型结合使用。本综述的结果显示与该国基因型多样性和分布有关的信息有限。在区域特异性疫苗开发战略和血清诊断工具中，需要更详细地了解区域遗传多样性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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科技视界

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59577

期刊介绍： Science & Technology Vision is a science and technology journal supervised by the Shanghai Association for Science and Technology and sponsored by the Shanghai Science Writers Association. It takes grassroots science and education workers as readers, popularizes scientific knowledge, tracks hot issues in science and technology at home and abroad, pays attention to new developments, new technologies, and new achievements in the forefront of the science and technology community, adheres to the combination of theory and practice, popularization and exploration, integrates scientificity, knowledge, academicity, and foresight, and builds a platform and theoretical position for academic debate for the majority of science and technology workers. Science & Technology Vision has been fully included in "China National Knowledge Infrastructure", "Chinese Science and Technology Journal (VIP) Database", "Longyuan Journal Network", "Education Reading Network", and "Wanfang Database".