Obesity and COVID-19 in children and adolescents: a double pandemic

I. Brambilla, Francesco Delle Cave, Carmen Guarracino, M. De Filippo, M. Votto, A. Licari, C. Pistone, Enrico Tondina
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引用次数: 6

Abstract

Background and aim of the study. The high prevalence of obesity and obesity-related comorbidities has reached pandemic proportions, particularly in Western countries. It has been recently recognized as a significant risk factor in severe cases of COVID-19 in children and adolescents. Here, we summarize the existing knowledge regarding the pathophysiology of COVID-19 and consider how its various components may be exacerbated by the presence of obesity to investigate the impact of obesity on disease severity among patients with COVID-19 and collaborate for better clinical care of these patients. Methods. The literature search was conducted from March 2020 to January 2022. A review of articles was performed via the online database PubMed, combining the terms “obesity,” “weight gain,” “COVID-19”, “children.” Results. Excessive adipose tissue, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, hypertension, high levels of proinflammatory cytokines are factors that compromise the functioning of organs and systems in obese patients. In obese patients with COVID-19 these changes can increase the risk of death, need for ventilatory assistance, risk of thromboembolism, and perpetuation of inflammatory response. Conclusions. Obesity increases the risk for hospitalization, intensive care admission, mechanic ventilation requirement, and death among children and adolescents with COVID-19. These findings emphasize the need for effective actions by health professionals to increase awareness of the risks resulting from obesity and how these are heightened in the current global pandemic. (www.actabiomedica.it)
儿童和青少年的肥胖和COVID-19:双重大流行
研究背景和目的。肥胖和与肥胖相关的合并症的高流行率已达到流行病的程度,特别是在西方国家。它最近被认为是儿童和青少年感染COVID-19重症病例的一个重要风险因素。在此,我们总结了关于COVID-19病理生理学的现有知识,并考虑肥胖的存在如何加剧其各种成分,以研究肥胖对COVID-19患者疾病严重程度的影响,并合作为这些患者提供更好的临床护理。方法。文献检索时间为2020年3月至2022年1月。通过在线数据库PubMed对文章进行了审查,结合了“肥胖”、“体重增加”、“COVID-19”、“儿童”等术语。结果。过多的脂肪组织,胰岛素抵抗,血脂异常,高血压,高水平的促炎细胞因子是损害肥胖患者器官和系统功能的因素。在患有COVID-19的肥胖患者中,这些变化可增加死亡风险、需要呼吸辅助、血栓栓塞风险和炎症反应的持续存在。结论。肥胖增加了感染COVID-19的儿童和青少年住院、重症监护、机械通气需求和死亡的风险。这些发现强调,卫生专业人员需要采取有效行动,提高对肥胖造成的风险的认识,以及在当前的全球大流行中这些风险是如何加剧的。(www.actabiomedica.it)
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