Qingsheng Chen, G. Gao, Chun-Xiao Nie, Jun Yang, J. Bi, X. Gu
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
The ground is simultaneously subjected to both horizontal and vertical motions during earthquakes; however, the majority of existing studies on seismic compression are still limited to the horizontal earthquake motions only. In this work, the objective is therefore to experimentally investigate the effects of multidirectional nature of load application on seismic compression of sand. Multiple series of hollow cylindrical torsional shear tests were conducted on dry sand specimens with different relative densities, where different scenarios of stress conditions induced by earthquakes were simulated by applying various combinations of vertical and horizontal cyclic loads. Test results revealed that coupling with horizontal motions, the vertical component of seismic loads would significantly contribute to the development of both shear and vertical strains in the sand specimen. The increment in vertical strain under coupled motions could be up to over 70% compared to its counterpart for the sand specimen under horizontal cyclic stress alone. Nevertheless, it is also interestingly found that the contribution of superimposed vertical motion alone to the growth of vertical strain is limited. Besides, the effect of relative density on the change of vertical strain is nonlinear, and the decreasing rate of vertical strain diminishes with the increase of relative density.
期刊介绍:
Journal of Earthquake and Tsunami provides a common forum for scientists and engineers working in the areas of earthquakes and tsunamis to communicate and interact with one another and thereby enhance the opportunities for such cross-fertilization of ideas. The Journal publishes original papers pertaining to state-of-the-art research and development in Geological and Seismological Setting; Ground Motion, Site and Building Response; Tsunami Generation, Propagation, Damage and Mitigation, as well as Education and Risk Management following an earthquake or a tsunami.
We welcome papers in the following categories:
Geological and Seismological Aspects
Tectonics: (Geology - earth processes)
Fault processes and earthquake generation: seismology (earthquake processes)
Earthquake wave propagation: geophysics
Remote sensing
Earthquake Engineering
Geotechnical hazards and response
Effects on buildings and structures
Risk analysis and management
Retrofitting and remediation
Education and awareness
Material Behaviour
Soil
Reinforced concrete
Steel
Tsunamis
Tsunamigenic sources
Tsunami propagation: Physical oceanography
Run-up and damage: wave hydraulics.