Exploring how cultural and structural elements relate to communal coping for separated Latina/o/x immigrant families

Abstract

Family immigration-related separation is incredibly stressful; however, Latina/o/x separated families might engage in communal coping to help mitigate those stressors. Utilizing the extended theoretical model of communal coping, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 20 family triads (i.e., separated parent, separated child, primary caregiver) who were experiencing or had recently experienced immigration-related family separation. We explored cultural and structural elements associated with communally or individually coping, and we considered why family members, all of whom experienced separation stress, might cope differently. Among the different types of family members, gender norms were related to communally coping, relying on extended family for support, and protective buffering. Physical distance, as well as limited technology access and literacy also hindered communal coping. When exploring within-family-triad experiences, three themes were apparent: (a) one-sided communal coping, (b) protective buffering at the cost of one’s own needs, and (c) communal coping impeded by relational strain. Our findings emphasize the importance of considering the multidimensional nature of a stressor (i.e., family separation) when determining whether people are communally coping; how cultural and structural elements relate to coping; and including multiple family members’ perspectives.