Microfungi associated with dying Euphorbia mauritanica in South Africa and their relative pathogenicity.

Fungal systematics and evolution Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Epub Date: 2023-07-31 DOI:10.3114/fuse.2023.12.04
S Marincowitz, N Q Pham, B D Wingfield, F Roets, M J Wingfield
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Abstract

Euphorbia mauritanica is a succulent shrub that is indigenous to South Africa and widely distributed throughout the country. Dying plants have been observed in their natural habitat in the Northern and Western Cape Provinces of South Africa in recent years. Stems displaying lesions were collected and the emerging cultures were identified based on ITS, LSU, ACT, RPB2, TEF1 and/or TUB2 sequence data. Four filamentous fungi were consistently observed and isolated. One was identified as Alanphillipsia (Ala.) aloes, and the other three were new to science and are described here as Cytospora euphorbiicola sp. nov., Nothomicrosphaeropsis namakwaensis sp. nov. and Austrophoma (Aus.) euphorbiae gen. et sp. nov. These new species and Ala. aloes were the most commonly encountered, and their pathogenicity was tested on E. mauritanica plants in a greenhouse trial. All four species gave rise to lesions that were significantly larger than those associated with the controls, but they were not significantly different to each other. Although the lesions associated with the inoculations were well-developed, they did not give rise to plant death, suggesting that they are not responsible for the large-scale die-off of E. mauritanica in the field. The primary cause of the death of E. mauritanica in the studied area remains unknown and could be due to environmental factors such as has been found with the die-off of Euphorbia ingens in South Africa. Citation: Marincowitz S, Pham NQ, Wingfield BD, Roets F, Wingfield MJ (2023). Microfungi associated with dying Euphorbia mauritanica in South Africa and their relative pathogenicity. Fungal Systematics and Evolution 12: 59-71. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2023.12.04.

与南非濒临死亡的 Euphorbia mauritanica 相关的微真菌及其相对致病性。
Euphorbia mauritanica 是南非本土的一种肉质灌木,广泛分布于南非各地。近年来,在南非北开普省和西开普省的自然栖息地发现了枯死的植物。我们收集了出现病变的茎干,并根据 ITS、LSU、ACT、RPB2、TEF1 和/或 TUB2 序列数据对新出现的培养物进行了鉴定。持续观察并分离出四种丝状真菌。其中一种被鉴定为Alanphillipsia (Ala.) aloes,另外三种是科学界的新物种,在此分别描述为Cytospora euphorbiicola sp.nov.、Nothomicrosphaeropsis namakwaensis sp.nov.和Austrophoma (Aus.) euphorbiae gen. et sp.nov。这些新种和阿拉芦荟是最常遇到的,在温室试验中测试了它们对 E. mauritanica 植物的致病性。所有四个物种引起的病变都明显大于对照组,但它们之间没有明显差异。虽然与接种相关的病害都很发达,但它们并没有导致植物死亡,这表明它们并不是造成 E. mauritanica 在田间大规模死亡的原因。在所研究的地区,E. mauritanica死亡的主要原因仍不清楚,可能是环境因素造成的,如南非Euphorbia ingens的死亡。引用:Marincowitz S, Pham NQ, Wingfield BD, Roets F, Wingfield MJ (2023).南非垂死大戟科植物伴生的微真菌及其相对致病性。Fungal Systematics and Evolution 12: 59-71. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2023.12.04.
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CiteScore
7.30
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