Primary Headache Disorders in HIV-Infected Patients within a Hospital Setting in Sub-Saharan Africa, Benin Case: Prevalence and Associated Factors

Abstract

Introduction: Headache disorders are common in HIV-infected patients. These disorders are either primary or secondary. Objective: Determine prevalence and factors associated with primary headache disorders in HIV+ patients. Method: It was a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study conducted from 2nd May 2017 to 2nd August 2017 which included HIV+ patients aged 18 years and above. Diagnosis of primary headache disorders was carried out by a Neurologist on the basis of ICHD-II diagnostic criteria. The dependent variable was primary headache disorders. Epi Info Version 7.2.1.0 and STATA11 were used for data analysis. P Results: Primary headache disorders prevalence was 25.2% (124/493).Tension-type headache represented 77.41%. HIV+ patients were aged 42.63 ± 10.14 years. Sex-ratio was estimated at 0.14. Factors associated with primary headache disorders in HIV+ patients were: male (0.36 [0.17 - 0.77]; P = 0.008), Dendi ethnicity (14.8 [2.08 - 101.99]; P = 0.007), trader (3.09 [01.25 - 7.62]; P = 0.02), WHO clinical stage (3.20 [1.43 - 7.17]; P = 0.005), screening duration (1.01 [1.00 - 1.01]; P = 0.00), hypertension (10.28 [4.44 - 23.83]; P ≤ 0.001). Conclusion: This study helped to determine the standard profile of HIV+ patient with primary headache disorders. It will contribute to save costs associated with paraclinical examinations, while in search of secondary etiologies within an African context with limited financial resources.