Efectos Diferenciales De La Tasa De Cambio Real Sobre El Comercio Internacional En Colombia (Differential Effects of the Real Exchange Rate on International Trade in Colombia)
A. Torres, Thomas Goda, Santiago Sanchez, Adriana Romero
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引用次数: 1
Abstract
Spanish Abstract: Durante el periodo 2006-2013 Colombia experimento una de las apreciaciones reales mas fuertes del mundo. Durante este mismo periodo, el volumen de exportaciones manufactureras disminuyo cerca de un 50%, mientras el volumen de importaciones aumento cerca de la misma cantidad. Este trabajo busca determinar el efecto de la tasa de cambio real sobre los flujos de comercio internacional en el sector manufacturero. Para tal fin, y como principal aporte, se calculan indices de tasa de cambio real (TCR) subsectorial para 19 subsectores manufactureros, teniendo en cuenta la potencial existencia de heterogeneidades entre ellos. Se estiman ademas las elasticidades precio para exportaciones e importaciones usando los indices de tasa de cambio real bilateral y subsectorial. Los resultados indican la existencia de importantes diferencias entre el comportamiento de la TCR entre subsectores, y que estas diferencias explican el comportamiento de las exportaciones en los distintos sectores manufactureros, aunque los resultados no son tan claros para el caso de las importaciones. Estos resultados sugieren que los hacedores de politica deberian tener en cuenta los efectos diferenciales de sus politicas sobre el desempeno manufacturero cuando estas afectan la TCR.
English Abstract: During the 2006-2013 period, Colombia experienced on the strongest appreciations in the world. During this same period, the volume of manufacturing exports fell nearly 50%, while the volume if imports rose in the same quantity. This work aims to determine the effect of the real exchange rate on the flow of international commerce in the manufacturing sector. For this end, and as a main approach, sub-sectoral real exchange rate indices are calculated for 19 manufacturing subsectors, noting the potential existence of heterogeneities between them. The price elasticities for exports and imports are also estimated using the bilateral and sub-sectoral real exchange rate index. The results indicate the existence of important differences between the behavior of the real exchange rate between subsectors, and that these differences explain the behavior of exports in the different manufacturing sectors, although the results are not so clear for the case of imports. These results suggest that policymakers should consider the differential effects of their policies on manufacturing performance when they affect the real exchange rate.