Niezwykłe dzieje pierwszych edycji Kitāb Ibn Faḍlāna. Orientalistyka i polityka w połowie XX w.

M. Dziekan
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The article is devoted to the political circumstances that influenced certain decisions regarding the first two editions of the travel report of the Arab traveler Ibn Faḍlān from Baghdad to the Volga Bulgars (921–922). The now-famous text of the voyage account, known as the Mashhad manuscript, was discovered in 1923 by a Turkish orientalist of Bashkir origin, Ahmed Zeki Velidi Togan (1890–1970) and formed the basis of his doctoral dissertation defended at the University of Vienna in 1935. Due to various problems, the German translation (in book form) was only published in print in 1939. The same year saw the publication of a Russian translation of the voyage description by a Soviet Arabist – Andrei P. Kovalevskiy (1895–1969). Both scholars conflicted with the USSR authorities: Togan had fought with the Soviet Army in 1920–1923, while Kovalevskiy was sentenced to five years in the gulag in 1938 on (as it later turned out) a wrongful charge of counterrevolutionary activity. These circumstances unexpectedly influenced the scholarly study of Ibn Faḍlān’s medieval work, incorporating it into the USSR’s domestic and foreign policy at the time.
本文专门讨论影响阿拉伯旅行者Ibn Faḍlān从巴格达到伏尔加保加利亚人(921-922)的前两版旅行报告某些决定的政治环境。1923年,巴什基尔血统的土耳其东方学家艾哈迈德·泽基·维利迪·托甘(Ahmed Zeki Velidi Togan, 1890-1970)发现了现在著名的航海记录文本马什哈德手稿,并以此为基础撰写了他1935年在维也纳大学的博士论文。由于各种问题,德文译本(以书的形式)直到1939年才出版。同年,苏联阿拉伯学者安德烈·p·科瓦列夫斯基(Andrei P. Kovalevskiy, 1895-1969)出版了俄文译本的航行描述。这两位学者都与苏联当局有过冲突:托根曾在1920-1923年与苏联军队作战,而科瓦列夫斯基则在1938年(后来证明是)被错误地指控从事反革命活动,被判在古拉格服刑五年。这些情况出乎意料地影响了伊本Faḍlān中世纪作品的学术研究,将其纳入当时苏联的内政和外交政策。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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