The Effort to Increase Waxy Corn Production as the Main Ingredient of Corn Rice through the Application of Phosphate Solvent Extraction and Phosphate Fertilizer

Abstract

Import of rice as staple food is increasing every year following the increase of Indonesian population. Therefore, staple food diversification as rice substitute is needed by promoting glutinous corn rice. Glutinous corn rice is consumable for human and can be made only from local waxy corn. The problem is that the production rate of waxy corn is still low that the availability of main ingredient of glutinous corn rice is limited. Therefore, the production of waxy corn should be increased while efficient application of fertilizer is maintained. The objectives of this research were to increase the production of waxy corn, make the usage of phosphate fertilizer more efficient and produce main ingredient of glutinous corn rice. The expected specific target was to make a recommendation about how to increase the production of waxy corn and produce main ingredient of glutinous corn rice. This study was performed using randomized two-factor factorial design. The first factor was phosphate solvent extraction (E) consist of without extraction (control, E0) and with extraction (10 L.ha-1, E1) while the second factor was SP-36 (P) fertilizer, consist of without SP-36 (control, P0), 50 kg SP-36. ha-1 (P1), 100 kg SP-36. ha-1 (P2), and 150 kg SP-36. ha-1 (P3). The results showed that the application of phosphate solvent extraction 10 L.ha-1 increased the length and diameter of cob and the combination of phosphate solvent extraction 10 L.ha-1 and 50 kg SP-36. ha-1 increased the production of dried seed per hectare. Moreover, application of phosphate solvent extraction decreased the usage of phosphate fertilizer.