Autologous Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells can Lead to Pancreatic Beta Cell Regeneration

Abstract

Introduction: Type-1 diabetes (T1D) is a disease that leads to pancreatic beta cells death, resulting in complete insulin loss. T1D occurs as a result of autoimmunity which takes insulin producing β cells as a target and is considered as a metabolic disorder causing hyperglycemia resulting from a serious loss of endogenous insulin roduction. Using cadaveric islets as a replacement therapy was done to reverse diabetes. Many various progenitor cell types have been found in the peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) fraction denoting hose PBMCs may have the ability to differentiate into many mature functional cell types in certain microenvironments. It is settled that circulating peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) contain germinal cell population which can share in the regeneration of tissues in different organs. Materials and Methods: 2 groups of type I diabetes patients had been monitored in a private clinic, number 40 each group, with 35 females and 45 males. It lied between 8-25 years old with 4-7 years of diabetes onset. The first group was on insulin therapy and they received peripheral blood mononuclear cells concentrate directly in the dorsal pancreatic artery. The second group was only on insulin injection. Results: The results show a significant increase in c peptide levels after direct injection of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in the dorsal pancreatic artery with p-value less than 0.0001. Conclusion: The peripheral blood mononuclear cells can induce beta cell regeneration and increase beta cell mass which is detected by an increase in c peptide levels.