The effects of adding lidocaine hydrochloride nasal spray (10%) to xylometazoline nasal drops (0.1%) in functional endoscopic sinus surgery: a comparative study

Abstract

Background The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of adding lidocaine hydrochloride nasal spray (10%) to xylometazoline nasal drops (0.1%) as an anesthetic approach in patients undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery. Patients and methods A total of 52 patients of American Society of Anesthesiologist physical status I were included in the study and divided into two groups: the first group (group X) received xylometazoline hydrochloride nasal drops (0.1%) and lidocaine hydrochloride nasal spray (10%), whereas the second group (group S) received xylometazoline hydrochloride nasal drops (0.1%) only. The total blood loss (TBL) during surgery, the hemodynamic changes up to 30 min following incision of the nasal mucous membrane (m.m.) and in the immediate postoperative period, the need to add propranolol and the dose of propranolol given, as well as the duration of surgery and the quality of the surgical field were recorded. Results TBL and the duration of surgery were statistically significantly lower in group X than in group S. On comparing the grades given by the surgeon for the surgical field assessment, we found the results to be statistically highly significant for each group in favor of a better surgical field in group X than in group S. As for the hemodynamic parameters, the systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean blood pressure, and heart rate in group S were higher than the values at baseline after induction of anesthesia, after incision of the nasal m.m., and during the 30 min after incision of the nasal m.m., and were also higher than those recorded in group X at the same time periods and this was statistically and clinically significant as propranolol was given to patients in group S after induction of anesthesia. Conclusion Better intraoperative hemodynamic control ensuring patient safety with decreased intraoperative TBL and duration of surgery, with better grades for the quality of the surgical field during functional endoscopic sinus surgery, can be achieved with the use of lidocaine hydrochloride nasal spray (10%) with xylometazoline nasal drops (0.1%).