EXPRESSION LEVEL OF Sh2 AND Bt2 GENES IN SOME ADVANCED CORN LINES UNDER TROPICAL ENVIRONMENT

Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI:10.36899/japs.2020.2.0048
F. Abna, F. Avin, N. Haron
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Abstract

The rate-limiting step in starch synthesis entails the synthesis of ADP-Glc from Glc-1-P and ATP by AGPase. AGPase is a heterotetramer composed of two large subunits encoded by Sh2 and two small subunits encoded by Bt2. We examined the transcript level of each gene that encodes AGPase through quantitative real-time PCR (qRT_PCR) within endosperm and leaf tissues from 6 newer composite corn lines. The Sh2 and Bt2 genes presented upregulated expression levels in leaf and endosperm tissue. The highest expression level of these two genes in leaf tissues was observed in UM 1 with 6.96 fold and in UM 11 with 3.94 fold respectively. Meanwhile, the highest transcript level of Sh2 and Bt2 genes in endosperm tissues were observed in UM 2 with 5.96 fold and UM 1 with 7.36 fold respectively. The correlation coefficient between the expression levels of the Sh2 gene and the morphological traits in endosperm tissue indicated that it was significantly and positively correlated with ear length (0.75), ear weight (0.74) and yield (0.66). Meanwhile , the correlation coefficient results indicate that the expression level of Bt2 in endosperm tissue was significantly and positively correlated with1000 kernel weight (0.93), yield (0.90), ear weight (0.87) and ear length (0.87). In conclusion, via cross transformation approaches, two main yield-related genes (Sh2 and Bt2) were modified in the new advanced corn lines. Overexpression of Sh2 and Bt2 genes can increase the starch content through enhancing the activity of AGPase and subsequently the yield enhancement occurred.
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热带环境下部分玉米高级品系Sh2和Bt2基因的表达水平
淀粉合成的限速步骤是由Glc-1-P和ATP由AGPase合成ADP-Glc。AGPase是由Sh2编码的两个大亚基和Bt2编码的两个小亚基组成的异源四聚体。通过实时荧光定量PCR (qRT_PCR)检测了6个新组合玉米胚乳和叶片组织中编码AGPase的每个基因的转录水平。Sh2和Bt2基因在叶片和胚乳组织中表达水平上调。这两个基因在叶片组织中的表达量以um1和um11最高,分别为6.96倍和3.94倍。同时,胚乳组织中Sh2和Bt2基因的转录量在um2和um1中分别为5.96倍和7.36倍。Sh2基因表达量与胚乳组织形态性状的相关系数表明,Sh2基因与穗长(0.75)、穗重(0.74)和产量(0.66)呈显著正相关。相关系数结果表明,Bt2在胚乳组织中的表达量与千粒重(0.93)、产量(0.90)、穗重(0.87)和穗长(0.87)呈显著正相关。综上所述,通过交叉转化的方法,对两个主要的产量相关基因(Sh2和Bt2)进行了修饰。过表达Sh2和Bt2基因可以通过提高AGPase活性来提高淀粉含量,从而提高产量。
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