Simulation model of the electron beam welding process for the formation of the effective technological parameters during the welding of aerospace structures

Abstract

The setting of technological parameters, in particular the beam current and speed in electron beam welding, are an integral part of the process. However, to set the mode when welding a new product or changing equipment (for example, buying a new installation or replacing an electron-beam gun or a drive for rotating a turntable), it is currently necessary to search for technological parameters (welding speed, beam current) by carrying out full-scale experiments, which is a resource and financially costly. Thus, in this work, the authors propose to carry out imitation modeling of the process of electron beam welding of a disk with a cylinder made of titanium alloy (Ti-4Al-3Mo-1V) in COMSOL Multiphysics, in order to develop the proposed technology to obtain optimal technological parameters in electron beam welding. thin-walled structures. The structure to be welded consists of two components: a hollow cylinder with a diameter of 78 mm, a height of 80 mm and a disc with a diameter of 76 mm, a thickness of 12 mm with a through hole, the wall thickness of the cylinder along which welding is 3 mm. As a result, the authors carried out modeling and obtained graphs of product heating, which depict the temperature distribution. The mode corresponding to the requirements put forward, the width of the weld 2 mm, the height of the seam 1mm was obtained with the following technological parameters: welding speed 1.2 cm/s, beam current 67 mA, accelerating voltage 30 kV, focusing current 139 mA.