PROTECTIVE AND CURATIVE MEASURES AGAINST LITCHI FRUIT BORER (CONOPOMORPHA SINENSIS)

The Planter Pub Date : 2021-09-25 DOI:10.56333/tp.2021.015
G. Bari
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Abstract

Infestation of litchi (Litchi chinensis) by fruit borer, Conopomorpha sinensis is severe in Bangladesh. Two separate experiments on varietal susceptibility and management, were conducted inrandomised complete block design (RCBD) with three replications at the Fruit Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Rajshahi, Bangladesh to identify fruit borer tolerant litchi variety and to develop cost effective guidelines for managing this pest in 2018-19. Netting as protection as well as combination of spraying chemicals and bio-chemicals including sanitation was used as curative measures. Among all the management treatments, netting the whole plant with mosquito net of 40 mesh starting from pea stage (fruit setting) as well as sanitation (pruning of shader branches and removal of fallen leaves of the tree) plus spraying of imidacloprid 1 ml (20 SL product) per litre of water at pea stage (fruit setting) and spinosad 1.2 ml (2.5 EC product) at marble stage (developing) and at early ripening stage (twenty days before harvest) of fruit showed higher but statistically similar performance. Netting reduced 89 and 95 per cent borer infestation at developing and ripening stages respectively over control and it showed highest yield performance (4 071 fruits per plant) i.e.76 per cent healthy fruit yield increase over control and also highest (3.7) marginal benefit cost ratio (MBCR). The chemical treatment provided 64.86 and 82.95 per cent reduction of borer infestation at developing and ripening stages respectively over control. There was an increase of 76.16 per cent of healthy fruit yield over control and also 3.6 MBCR. These two guidelines were recommended among six eco-friendly management treatments. Results indicated that among the three common cultivated litchi varieties, China 3 was the most tolerant variety to fruit borer. Keywords: Litchi fruit borer, Conopomorpha sinensis, netting, spinosad, imidacloprid, litchi.
荔枝果螟的防治措施
在孟加拉国,荔枝(litchi chinensis)被果螟(Conopomorpha sinensis)严重侵害。在孟加拉国Rajshahi的孟加拉国农业研究所(BARI)水果研究站进行了两项关于品种易感和管理的随机完全区组设计(RCBD)试验,共进行了三次重复,以确定耐果螟荔枝品种,并制定2018-19年管理这种害虫的成本效益指南。防治措施主要采用防网和喷药、生化及环卫相结合的方法。在所有的管理处理中,从豌豆期(坐果期)开始,用40目蚊帐覆盖整株植株,并进行卫生(修剪树梢和清除树木的落叶),再加上在豌豆期(坐果期)每升水喷洒吡虫啉1毫升(20 SL产品),在大理石期(发育期)和果实成熟期(收获前20天)喷洒吡虫啉1.2毫升(2.5 EC产品),效果更高,但统计上相似。在发育期和成熟期,撒网比对照分别减少了89%和95%的螟虫侵害,并表现出最高的产量表现(每株4 071个果实),即比对照提高了76%的健康果实产量,边际效益成本比(MBCR)也最高(3.7)。化学处理在发育期和成熟期的螟患率分别比对照降低64.86%和82.95%。健康果实产量比对照提高76.16%,MBCR提高3.6。这两个方针是在6种生态管理方法中推荐的。结果表明,在3个常见栽培荔枝品种中,中国3号是最耐果螟的品种。关键词:荔枝果螟,紫杉果螨,网捕,棘糖甙,吡虫啉,荔枝
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