Ichnology and biostratigraphic significance of Cambrian trace fossils from the lowest stratigraphic level of Kunzam La Formation, Chandra Valley, Lahaul and Spiti, India

IF 0.8 4区 地球科学 Q4 PALEONTOLOGY
R. Kaur, B. Singh, O. Bhargava, R. Mikuláš, Garry Singla, S. K. Prasad, Stanzin Stopden
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引用次数: 3

Abstract

Abstract Trace fossils are abundant in the Cambrian Kunzam La Formation in the Lahaul and Spiti regions of the Himalaya. All previously known records belong stratigraphically to the upper part of the Cambrian Series 2/Stage 4 to the Miaolingian Series. In the present work, 15 ichnogenera comprising 26 recorded ichnospecies come from the lower part of the Kunzam La Formation exposed in the Chandra Valley, eastern Lahaul and Spiti, Himachal Pradesh. Three trace fossils associations, based on their sequence of appearance, are: (i) the Treptichnus pedum association (trace fossil association–I)-, a low diversity association, containing Planolites beverleyensis, Palaeophycus isp., and Treptichnus pedum, (ii) the Monomorphichnus association (trace fossil association–II) characterized by a sudden increase in trace fossil diversity and traces of arthropod/trilobite origin comprising Cruziana problematica, Cruziana isp., Catenichnus contentus,? Diplocraterion isp., Dimorphichnus obliquus, Dactylophycus isp., Lockeia siliquaria, Monomorphichnus multilineatus, M. lineatus, Planolites annularis, P. montanus, P. beverleyensis, Palaeophycus imbricatus, P. tubularis, Rusophycus didymus, R. leifeirikssoni, R. dispar, Rusophycus isp., Saerichnites abruptus, and serially repeated Rusophycus and Cruziana, Treptichnus pollardi and arthropod resting traces, and (iii) the Psammichnites association (trace fossil association–III) characterized by a dominant presence of large burrowing systems of Psammichnites gigas and traces of Diplichnites isp. and Ctenopholeus kutcheri. Considering the same rate of sedimentation for these deposits determined in the >50 km distant Parahio Valley and the stratigraphic position of the Psammichnites gigas assemblage zone in the Himalaya, these trace fossil associations probably fall within Cambrian Series 2, Stage 4, though the sudden increase in diversity and complexities of traces suggest an older age. Stratigraphically, the trace fossils presently described are the oldest yet recorded from the Cambrian of the Lahaul and Spiti regions.
印度拉胡尔和斯皮提钱德拉山谷昆扎姆拉组地层最底层寒武系微量化石技术及其生物地层学意义
喜马拉雅地区拉胡尔和斯皮提地区寒武系昆扎姆拉组中有丰富的微量化石。所有已知的地层记录均属于寒武系二上段/苗岭系四期。本文研究了喜马偕尔邦东部拉胡尔和斯皮提钱德拉山谷昆赞拉组下部的15个鱼属,包括26个已记录的鱼种。根据其出现顺序,有3个遗迹化石组合:①Treptichnus pedum组合(遗迹化石组合- i),一个低多样性组合,包含Planolites beverleyensis, Palaeophycus isp。(ii)以化石多样性的突然增加和节肢动物/三叶虫起源的痕迹为特征的单形虫类群(遗迹化石类群- ii),包括Cruziana problematica, Cruziana isp.;, Catenichnus contentus,?Diplocraterion isp。,斜二爪龙,长爪龙。、水杉、多线单形藓、线斑藓、环扁藓、山斑藓、贝弗利斑藓、披毛藓、管状斑藓、冬虫夏草、雷菲瑞克松藓、迪帕尔藓、冬虫夏草。(3) Psammichnites类群(遗迹化石类群- iii),以Psammichnites gigas的大型穴居系统和Diplichnites isp的遗迹为特征。和库氏栉水母。考虑到在距离帕拉希奥山谷50公里远的地方确定的这些沉积物的沉积速率相同,以及喜马拉雅地区的Psammichnites gigas组合带的地层位置,这些痕迹化石组合可能属于寒武系2,第4阶段,尽管痕迹多样性和复杂性的突然增加表明一个更古老的时代。在地层学上,目前描述的痕迹化石是迄今为止记录的最古老的来自拉胡尔和斯皮提地区的寒武纪化石。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.50
自引率
12.50%
发文量
0
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: The foremost aim of Ichnos is to promote excellence in ichnologic research. Primary emphases center upon the ethologic and ecologic significance of tracemaking organisms; organism-substrate interrelationships; and the role of biogenic processes in environmental reconstruction, sediment dynamics, sequence or event stratigraphy, biogeochemistry, and sedimentary diagenesis. Each contribution rests upon a firm taxonomic foundation, although papers dealing solely with systematics and nomenclature may have less priority than those dealing with conceptual and interpretive aspects of ichnology. Contributions from biologists and geologists are equally welcome. The format for Ichnos is designed to accommodate several types of manuscripts, including Research Articles (comprehensive articles dealing with original, fundamental research in ichnology), and Short Communications (short, succinct papers treating certain aspects of the history of ichnology, book reviews, news and notes, or invited comments dealing with current or contentious issues). The large page size and two-column format lend flexibility to the design of tables and illustrations. Thorough but timely reviews and rapid publication of manuscripts are integral parts of the process.
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