PREVALENCE OF ASYMPTOMATIC BACTERIURIA AMONG WOMEN WITH DIABETES MELLITUS - A PROSPECTIVE CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Abstract

Background: There are many studies demonstrating the risk factors of asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASBU) in diabetic women. ASBU is a well-established risk factor for frequent urinary tract infections (UTIs) in women, and the risk factors that predispose diabetic women to ASBU has to be further evaluated. Aim: To estimate the prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria among women with diabetes mellitus .To verify if there is a correlation between bacteriuria and the duration of diabetes and also the correlation between bacteriuria with the metabolic control of diabetes.  Materials  And  Methods:  Patients  who were  admitted  in Sree Mookambika Institute of Medical Sciences, Kulasekharam  from  February 2019  to  November,  2020 were  included in our study. Two hundred women with diabetes mellitus were enrolled in the study. A control group of 75 healthy women were randomly selected without diabetes was also evaluated in the same period.All relevant clinical information, data was collected. Patients were categorised into variables and mean, SD, Levene’s test of homogeneity of variance, linear regression was calculated.   Results: 200 diabetic women were included in our study and 75 healthy women were selected as control. 150 patients were included in the study out of which 95 were males and 55 were females  40%  had  unstable  Angina,  7% had  NSTEMI  and  53% had  STEMI.  prevalence of  anaemia  was  50%  of  the  study  population.  Anaemia varied according to gender and was more in women 70.9% when compared to men 27.3%. Anaemia was also found to be higher in higher age groups and was more in patients with associated co morbidities such as chronic kidney disease,hypothyroidism and  diabetes  . Anaemia patients were also found to have more incidence of unstable angina when compared to other forms of ACS. The most common anaemia found was Microcytic hypochromic iron deficiency anaemia 32%. Out of   those with iron deficiency, upper GI bleed was the most common cause in our patients. Triple Vessel Disease (TVD) patients were also found to have more incidence of anaemia than those with DVD and SVD. Conclusion: Urinary tract infection is one of the   major disease burden for many patients having diabetes mellitus. Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) is several-fold more common among diabetic women than healthy women. The risk of asymptomatic bacteriuria increases with increasing age. The duration of diabetes mellitus has significant correlation with development of asymptomatic bacteriuria among diabetic women. A significant impairment of metabolic control of diabetes shows an overall increase in the risk of developing asymptomatic bacteriuria. Keywords: Asymptomatic Bacteriuria, Diabetic Women, UTI