Safety and Efficacy of Cefazolin Sodium in the Management of Bacterial Infection and in Surgical Prophylaxis

T. Kusaba
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引用次数: 28

Abstract

Cefazolin sodium is a first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic and has been used worldwide since the early 1970s. It is used for the treatment of bacterial infections in various organs, such as the respiratory tract, skin and skin structure, genital tract, urinary tract, biliary tract, and bone and joint infections. It has also been used for septicemia due to susceptible gram-positive cocci (except Enterococcus), some gram-negative bacilli including E. coli, Proteus, and Klebsiella may be susceptible, and for perioperative prophylaxis. After the introduction of penicillins and other cephalosporins, occasional outbreaks of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus were noted. As a result, vancomycin use was increased; however, very recently and most alarmingly, vancomycin-resistant strains have been described. In this setting, to avoid the risk of the development of vancomycin-resistant strains further, vancomycin use should be curtailed. In consideration of this historical background, the appropriate use of antibiotics, such as dosage, dosage intervals, and the duration of administration is required not only for the protection of patients’ health but also for the prevention of the development of drug resistance. Cefazolin has been used in clinical practice for about 40 years, and a large body of evidence has been accumulated, and its efficacy and safety are well established compared with other antibiotics. Therefore, cefazolin has been chosen as a first-line anti-microbial for prophylaxis after various surgical procedures, including cardiovascular surgery, hysterectomy, arthroplasty and so on. Based on these facts, especially for the prophylaxis of surgical site infections, the first-generation cephalosporin, cefazolin, is now being “re-visited”.
头孢唑林钠在处理细菌感染和外科预防中的安全性和有效性
头孢唑林钠是第一代头孢菌素类抗生素,自20世纪70年代初以来一直在世界范围内使用。用于治疗各种器官的细菌感染,如呼吸道、皮肤及皮肤结构、生殖道、泌尿道、胆道、骨关节感染等。它也被用于由于敏感的革兰氏阳性球菌(肠球菌除外)引起的败血症,一些革兰氏阴性杆菌,包括大肠杆菌、变形杆菌和克雷伯菌可能是敏感的,并用于围手术期预防。在引入青霉素和其他头孢菌素后,注意到偶尔爆发耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌。因此,万古霉素的使用增加了;然而,最近和最令人震惊的是,万古霉素耐药菌株已被描述。在这种情况下,为了进一步避免产生万古霉素耐药菌株的风险,应减少万古霉素的使用。考虑到这一历史背景,合理使用抗生素,如剂量、给药间隔和给药时间,不仅是为了保护患者的健康,也是为了预防耐药性的产生。头孢唑林在临床应用已有近40年的历史,并积累了大量的证据,与其他抗生素相比,头孢唑林的有效性和安全性得到了很好的证实。因此,头孢唑林已被选择作为预防各种外科手术后的一线抗微生物药物,包括心血管手术、子宫切除术、关节置换术等。基于这些事实,特别是为了预防手术部位感染,第一代头孢菌素cefazolin现在正在被“重新考虑”。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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