Interpretation of Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate

Abstract

Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) plays an important role in the clinical evaluation of renal function, classification, prognosis prediction, and drug dosing in patients with acute or chronic kidney disease . Estimated GFR (eGFR) is calculated based on endogenous filtration markers, such as creatinine and cystatin C. These are useful markers, but it is necessary to understand the clinical settings in which eGFR, calculated using creatinine or cystatin C, may be less accurate. Several equations, including the Cockcroft and Gault, modification of diet in renal disease, and chronic kidney disease-epidemiology collaboration (CKD-EPI) equations, are used to calculate eGFR. The latter is most common because it has high accuracy and can predict prognosis. Recently, a new race-omitting CKD-EPI equation has been developed but further studies are required to determine whether it can be applied in clinical practice and research. Furthermore, careful use of eGFR is needed in acute kidney injury, kidney transplantation, and dialysis patients. Drug dosing must be guided by accurate GFR assessment. In addition to medical care, GFR assessment is also important for public health and research. Therefore, further studies are needed to reevaluate and develop the equations for accurate eGFR calculations.