The influence of compressive stresses on folding in the Middle Kura depression and the Turkmen shelf

IF 0.4 Q4 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
G. Nasibova, K. Mukhtarova, S. A. Ganbarova, M. Ismayilova, S. Zeynalova
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

On the basis of the morphology of the folds, their three-dimensional position, the types of faults and the development of mud volcanism, the features of the spread of compres- sive stresses and their influence on the oil and gas bearing of the Kura and Gabirri interfluve, the Yevlakh-Agjabedi depression and the Godin massif were studied. For this purpose, maps of isomorphs and morphological schemes, positions of local folds on the plan of each of these structural elements were compiled. It has been established that within the depressions, the process of folding took place due to the mechanisms of longitudinal and latitudinal bending, which led to the formation of mostly linear and brachiform folds within them. The high intensity of compressive stresses with- in the Kura and Gabirri interfluve contributed to the development of mud volcanism here, and the increase in their intensity at the end of the Miocene led to the emergence of disharmony here in the structural plans between the Cretaceous-Eocene and Oligocene-Quater- nary complexes of sediments. For this purpose, the development of the Barda and Shirvanli structures located in the Yevlakh-Agjabedi depression along the section was investigated and it was determined that they had an uneven development. The Shirvanli fold, which is located in the southwestern zone of the region, had a height of 50-70 m according to the top of the Late Cretaceous. According to the top of the Paleocene, it reached a height of 150 m, and according to the top of the carbonate layer, which forms the lower part of the section of the Eocene, a fold developed and reached a height of 300 m. The Shirvanli fold, which began to form in the Eocene, developed more intensively in the Maikop age sediments. The reason for this was the high mobility of clay sediments along the section and the activation of compressive stress. The development of the Shirvanli structure in the Cretaceous proves its hereditary origin. The Barda fold, located in the northeast part of the Shirvanli fold, according to the top of the Eocene express itself as a structural terrace. It does not express itself as a structure by the bottom of Paleocene and the washed surface of the Cretaceous sediments complexes, but according to the top of the Maikop sedimentary complex, it is a local fold with a height greater than 300 m. It was determined that the thickness of Maikop sediments in the core of the Barda fold confirms that Maikop clays play a key role in the development of the fold. At the same time, the significant decrease in the thickness of the Sarmatian and Chokrak sediments in the crest part of the mentioned fold is indicative of its syn-depositional development in the same time interval. As it is clear from the morphological and developmental features of both mentioned folds , they are of diapiric origin, but due to the relatively weak development of compressive stresses, the low thickness of the sedimentary layer lying on the Maikop sediments, these folds did not have the necessary energy potential to fully realize diaprism. The latitudinal bending mechanism in the formation of these folds was relatively weak. The effusive massif in the Yevlakh-Agjabedi depression significantly limits the activity of compressional stress in this area. Compressive stresses have had their effect on the structures formed in the Oligocene-Miocene sediments on the northwestern slope of the Yevlakh-Agjabedi depression, but they were weakly expressed in the Neogene sediments due to the regional erosion that began in the second half of the Sarmatian age. It should be noted that the Barda and Shirvanli structures began their development period in the Cretaceous, and were faced with the compressive stresses in Maikop. Within the Godin massif, the morphology of the folds, their disordered three-dimensional position, testify to the absence of the influence of compressive stresses on the fold formation process.
压应力对中库拉坳陷和土库曼陆架褶皱的影响
根据褶皱的形态、三维位置、断裂类型和泥火山活动的发育情况,研究了库拉—加比尔里断裂带、耶夫拉克—阿贾贝迪坳陷和戈丁地块的压应力扩散特征及其对含油气的影响。为此,编制了同构图和形态方案图,以及这些结构元素平面上局部褶皱的位置。研究表明,坳陷内部褶皱主要受纵向和纵向弯曲机制的影响,形成以线状褶皱和臂状褶皱为主的褶皱。Kura和Gabirri断裂带的高强度压应力促进了该区泥火山活动的发展,中新世末期压应力强度的增强导致该区白垩-始新世与渐新世-第四纪沉积物复合体在构造平面上出现不协调。为此,研究了沿剖面位于Yevlakh-Agjabedi凹陷的Barda和Shirvanli构造的发育情况,确定它们发育不均匀。Shirvanli褶皱位于该地区西南部,根据晚白垩世顶部,其高度为50-70 m。根据古新世顶部,其高度为150 m,根据形成始新世剖面下部的碳酸盐层顶部,其褶皱发育,高度为300 m。始新世开始形成的希尔万里褶皱,在迈科普时代的沉积物中发育更为密集。其原因是粘土沉积物沿断面的高流动性和压应力的激活。白垩纪希尔万里构造的发育证明了其遗传成因。巴尔达褶皱位于希尔万里褶皱的东北部,根据始新世的顶部表现为构造阶地。它不表现为古新世底部和白垩纪沉积杂岩冲刷面形成的构造,但从迈考普沉积杂岩顶部来看,它是一个高度大于300 m的局部褶皱。确定了巴尔达褶皱中心迈科普沉积物的厚度,证实了迈科普粘土在褶皱发育中起着关键作用。与此同时,该褶皱顶部萨尔马提亚和乔克拉沉积厚度的显著减小表明其在同一时间段的同沉积发育。从这两个褶皱的形态和发育特征可以看出,它们都是底辟成因,但由于压应力发育相对较弱,迈科普沉积层的沉积层厚度较低,这些褶皱不具备充分实现底辟的能量潜力。褶皱形成的纬向弯曲机制相对较弱。Yevlakh-Agjabedi坳陷的溢流地块极大地限制了该区挤压应力的活动。压缩应力对Yevlakh-Agjabedi坳陷西北坡渐新世-中新世沉积物中构造的形成有一定影响,但由于萨尔马提亚时代下半叶开始的区域侵蚀作用,压缩应力在新近纪沉积物中表现较弱。巴尔达构造和希尔凡利构造在白垩纪开始发育,并在迈库普地区面临压应力作用。在戈丁地块内,褶皱的形态,它们无序的三维位置,证明了褶皱形成过程中没有压应力的影响。
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来源期刊
Journal of Geology Geography and Geoecology
Journal of Geology Geography and Geoecology GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-
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40.00%
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