Polymorphism of folate metabolism genes in breast cancer patients

Abstract

Breast cancer is a widespread oncological disorder, which is considered one of the leading causes of mortality among women. DNA repair processes a well as its methylation involving genes of folate cycle play a crucial role in cancerogenesis. The aim of the study is to generalize the current data about association between polymorphic variants of folate cycle genes MTHFR С677Т (rs1801133), MTR A2756G (rs1805087), MTRR А66G (rs1801394) with risk of breast cancer development. The search of scientific papers has been conducted using PubMed and elibrary.ru sources. Original and randomized surveys published from 2008 till 2022 have been included in this review. The study has accumulated sufficient data on MTHFR С677Т polymorphic variant in breast cancer patients, having significant influence on disease development. However, the data about MTR A2756G and MTRR A66G variants is quite limited. According to the findigs of many scientific papers, there is no link between polymorphic variants of these genes and breast cancerogenesis manifestation. Such factors like ethniсity and sufficient consumption of folates with nutrition can have significant impact on results and conclusions of studies about role of folate cycle genes in breast cancer patients. Further investigation of MTHFR С677Т (rs1801133), MTR A2756G (rs1805087) and MTRR А66G (rs1801394) genetic polymorphic variants with consideration of gene-environment and gene-gene interactions could explain the presence of individual differences of breast cancer risk.