Organization of Medical Care for Children in Home Front and on Front-Line Territories during the Great Patriotic War

Abstract

The status of open and closed children’s institutions (nurseries, orphanages), existing personnel potential, results of communicablediseases control in Yamal (home front territory) and in Kuibyshev region (front-line territory) were analyzed. The differences in primary problems solving by Yamal and the Kuibyshev Region health authorities stood out. The key issues in Yamalo-Nenets national district were prevention of mass diseases and combating highly infectious diseases (typhus, etc.). Meanwhile, the key aspect of medical care in Kuibyshev region was to implement measures to combat the spread of gastrointestinal tract diseases and digestive disorders. Data is provided to compare the nutrition status of children in Arctic region and in Middle Volga region using these two regions’ examples. Difficulties in food supply are shown. They were quite the same despite the difference in habitat and the contingent of children (evacuated from Kuibyshev region and tundra residents). The claim that Yamal was supplied with food and industrial products with higher standards than southern regions has been questioned as archival documents have revealed the insufficient availability of products in children’s institutions