Analysis of Morbidity and Mortality Rates from Malignant Neoplasms of Trachea, Bronchi, Lungs of Professional Genesis in Men aged 40 to 65 Years Old in the Russian Federation

Abstract

Relevance. MN (malignant neoplasms) of the lungs ranked first in the world in the structure of mortality from all MN among both sexes in 2020. Despite the significant contribution to the development of MN (including MN of the trachea, bronchi, lungs (ICD-10 – C33, С34)) of production factors, their influence is underestimated.Aim. To analyze the morbidity and mortality rates from the trachea, bronchi, lungs MN in men in the age range from 40 to 65 years in 2010–2020.Materials and methods. Data on the number of tracheal, bronchial, and lung MN detected for the first time in life among men in the age range from 40 to 65 years, as well as the number of deaths, were obtained from the Cancer Registry of the P. A. Herzen medical Institutebranch of the Federal state budgetary institution «NMIC of radiology» of the Ministry of health of Russia. The method of descriptive cross-sectional epidemiological study was used. A division was carried out by quartiles of standardized (world standard) indicators of the incidence of tracheal, bronchial, lung MN per 100 thousand male population in the subjects of the Russian Federation in 2020. Statistical processing – MS Office Excel 2019, Statistica 10.Results. Irkutsk, Orenburg, Rostov region, Moscow,federal districts of the Russian Federation were selected for the study (based on the quartile division). Long-term analysis (10-year period) of morbidity and mortality from MN of the trachea, bronchi, lungs in men aged 40 to 65 years in the Federal District, selected subjects and the Russian Federation as a whole, showed a moderately pronounced downward trend. Despite this, the indicators remain at a high level.Conclusion. The influence of harmful production factors on the development of MN is recognized in the Russian Federation in a very small number of cases, and therefore the true incidence rate is higher than the registered one. It is necessary to significantly improve the quality of detection of occupational diseases, as well as to optimize preventive measures aimed at preventing the harmful effects of production factors on the health of workers. Further detailed study of the role of individual factors of harmful industries on the development of tracheal, bronchial and lung diseases is required.