Empirical evidence for a relationship between narcissistic personality traits and job burnout

Abstract

Purpose

The relationship between burnout and depression has been a major focus of burnout research, but personality factors might be equally important. Largely based on theoretical grounds, narcissism has repeatedly been proposed to contribute to burnout.

Objective

The aim of this study was to examine empirically the relationship between burnout and narcissism.

Methods

We investigated 723 consecutive in-patients, aged between 22 and 80 years (51.2% female), at a hospital specialized in the treatment of job stress-related disorders. Patients completed the 22-item Maslach Burnout Inventory and the 20-item Narcissism Inventory, the Beck Depression Inventory, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the Perceived Stress Scale.

Results

After controlling for sociodemographic factors, depressive symptoms, sleep quality, and perceived stress, narcissism explained 3.5% of the total burnout score (p < .001); regarding burnout dimensions, narcissism explained 7.3% of emotional exhaustion (p < .001) and 3.6% of depersonalization (p < .001), but was unrelated to lack of achievements (p = .45). Depressive symptoms explained 3.6% of the total burnout score, 2.6% of emotional exhaustion, 2.0% of depersonalization, and 1.4% of lack of achievements (all p-values ≤.005).

Conclusions

Personality factors, especially narcissism, may be equally important as depressive symptoms, and thus should regularly be considered in burnout research and therapy.