Anisotropy of the friction forces of rest and sliding frictionof single crystals of ice

Abstract

The properties of the ice of natural reservoirs are due to its crystalline structure. The dependence of the mechanical and strength characteristics of single ice crystals on the angle between the direction of application of force to a single crystal and the direction of its C-axis is known. Basically, this dependence is due to the possibility of the base plates of a single crystal of ice sliding relative to each other. In physics, in addition to the mechanical and strength characteristics of a solid, the properties of the surfaces of a solid state, manifested in the process of friction, are of great importance. The friction of two single crystals of ice relative to each other has been investigated in experiments on rest friction and sliding friction. From an artificially grown plate of a single ice crystal, samples of single crystals of ice with a certain orientation of the C-axis were made for the experiment. The measurement of the rest friction coefficient of a single ice crystal was realized according to the classical scheme of recording the minimum angle at which the single crystal began to roll down an inclined surface. The dependence of the rest friction coefficient of ice single crystals on the mutual orientation of the C-axes of single crystals relative to each other was discovered. The coefficients of rest friction in the case that the C-axes of single ice crystals are parallel to each other significantly exceed those obtained when the C-axes of single ice crystals are perpendicular to each other. Measurements have shown that the anisotropy of sliding friction increases with increasing initial velocity of the single crystal on the surface of the second single crystal. This is explained by the fact that with the growth of the path traveled by the M2 crystal, the time of interaction of single crystals of ice also increases, during which the properties of the anisotropy of single crystals of ice relative to sliding friction are manifested. Studies have shown the presence of anisotropy of the friction forces of rest and friction of sliding of a pair of single crystals of ice.