Perceived climate risks and adaptation drivers in diverse coffee landscapes of Uganda

Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Njas-Wageningen Journal of Life Sciences Pub Date : 2019-04-01 DOI:10.1016/j.njas.2018.12.002

Catherine Mulinde , J.G.M. Majaliwa , Revocatus Twinomuhangi , David Mfitumukiza , Everline Komutunga , Edidah Ampaire , Judith Asiimwe , Piet Van Asten , Laurence Jassogne

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引用次数: 19

Abstract

Whereas adaptation to climate variability takes center stage in the agricultural development discourse, implementation is poorly guided through adoption of ‘one-size-fits-all’ adaptation approaches in coffee landscapes. This study empirically provides evidence of diversity of rural coffee farm-households and climate vulnerabilities in Uganda. We specifically characterized farm-household systems in the coffee-based farming systems; identified perceived climate risks; identified generalized landscape-level and specific farm-household system-level adaptation practices; and determined socio-economic drivers that impacted uptake of adaptation practices. 688 farm-households were surveyed and asked what they perceived as major climate risks, and how they adapted to experienced shocks/stresses in Eastern (Arabica) and Central (Robusta) Uganda. Principal Component and Multivariate Cluster Analyses were adopted for farm-household systems identification, and Semi-Nonparametric model for uptake of adaptation practices. Distinct farm-household systems were identified in Central (coffee-maize-beans; coffee-livestock-off-farm) and Eastern Uganda (coffee-banana-maize; coffee-banana; coffee-off-farm). They differed by land allocations to crops, livestock rearing, rainfall/altitude gradients, off-farm activities and crop income. Farm-households experienced food shortages and crop losses resulting from prolonged drought and erratic shifts in rainfall distribution. The major generalized adaptation practice was inorganic fertilizer use while the specific included herbicide use and increase in livestock numbers in Central Uganda; and pesticides use, structural technologies and off-farm activities in Eastern. Adaptation drivers include household-head’s awareness of climate variability and involvement in policy-formulation process (both regions); farm-household’s total land area (Eastern Uganda); and access to input/output markets (Central Uganda). We conclude that policy makers should package adaptation practices per farm-household system to enhance effective adaptation to climate risks.

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乌干达不同咖啡景观的感知气候风险和适应驱动因素

虽然适应气候变化在农业发展话语中占据中心位置，但在咖啡景观中采用“一刀切”的适应方法，对实施工作的指导很差。本研究从经验上提供了乌干达农村咖啡农户多样性和气候脆弱性的证据。我们特别描述了以咖啡为基础的农业系统中的农场-家庭系统;已识别的气候风险;确定了广义的景观级和具体的农户系统级适应做法;并确定了影响采用适应做法的社会经济驱动因素。对688个农户进行了调查，并询问他们认为主要的气候风险是什么，以及他们如何适应乌干达东部(阿拉比卡)和中部(罗布斯塔)经历的冲击/压力。采用主成分分析和多变量聚类分析对农户系统进行识别，采用半非参数模型对适应措施进行吸收。在中央(咖啡-玉米-豆类;咖啡-牲畜-农场)和乌干达东部(咖啡-香蕉-玉米;coffee-banana;coffee-off-farm)。它们因作物的土地分配、牲畜饲养、降雨量/海拔梯度、非农活动和作物收入而有所不同。由于长期干旱和降雨分布的不稳定变化，农户遭遇粮食短缺和作物损失。在乌干达中部，主要的普遍适应做法是使用无机肥料，而具体的适应做法包括使用除草剂和增加牲畜数量;农药使用、结构技术和东部的非农活动。适应驱动因素包括户主对气候变率的认识和对政策制定过程的参与(两个地区);农户土地总面积(乌干达东部);以及进入投入/产出市场(乌干达中部)。我们的结论是，政策制定者应该将每个农户系统的适应实践打包，以增强对气候风险的有效适应。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Njas-Wageningen Journal of Life Sciences 农林科学-农业综合

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

>36 weeks

期刊介绍： The NJAS - Wageningen Journal of Life Sciences, published since 1952, is the quarterly journal of the Royal Netherlands Society for Agricultural Sciences. NJAS aspires to be the main scientific platform for interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary research on complex and persistent problems in agricultural production, food and nutrition security and natural resource management. The societal and technical challenges in these domains require research integrating scientific disciplines and finding novel combinations of methodologies and conceptual frameworks. Moreover, the composite nature of these problems and challenges fits transdisciplinary research approaches embedded in constructive interactions with policy and practice and crossing the boundaries between science and society. Engaging with societal debate and creating decision space is an important task of research about the diverse impacts of novel agri-food technologies or policies. The international nature of food and nutrition security (e.g. global value chains, standardisation, trade), environmental problems (e.g. climate change or competing claims on natural resources), and risks related to agriculture (e.g. the spread of plant and animal diseases) challenges researchers to focus not only on lower levels of aggregation, but certainly to use interdisciplinary research to unravel linkages between scales or to analyse dynamics at higher levels of aggregation. NJAS recognises that the widely acknowledged need for interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary research, also increasingly expressed by policy makers and practitioners, needs a platform for creative researchers and out-of-the-box thinking in the domains of agriculture, food and environment. The journal aims to offer space for grounded, critical, and open discussions that advance the development and application of interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary research methodologies in the agricultural and life sciences.