Noble manors in Belarus lands in the pre-reform period: servitude exploitation and patriarchal care of the peasants

Q4 Medicine
S. A. Shydlouski
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The article analyzes the traditions of patriarchal care of peasants in a noble estate on Belarusian lands in the prereform period. Patriarchal care is interpreted as a social mechanism that allows maintaining a minimum acceptable level of material security for peasants in conditions of increasing serf exploitation. The term “exploitation” is defined as the process of appropriation by landlords of the results of the labor of the serf peasantry. It is indicated that the mechanism of patriarchal guardianship functioned with significant limitations and was unable to stop the further degradation of labor resources and the economy of serfs.It is noted that the system of landlord farming, formed during the existence of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and preserved in its main features on the lands of the “western provinces” of the Russian Empire, was in the process of transformation during the period under study. The local noble estate, under the influence of all-Russian socio-economic and political factors, acquired new characteristics, and at the same time retained its economic and cultural specifics, for example, a low degree of solidarity in inter-verbal communications, which affected the intensity of exploitation of serfs and the nature of care for them.
改革前白俄罗斯的贵族庄园:农奴制剥削与对农民的宗法关怀
文章分析了改革前白俄罗斯土地上贵族阶层农民的父权照料传统。父权关怀被解释为一种社会机制,允许农民在农奴剥削加剧的情况下维持最低可接受的物质保障水平。“剥削”一词被定义为地主占有农奴劳动成果的过程。这表明,父权监护机制的功能存在明显的局限性,无法阻止农奴劳动力资源和经济的进一步退化。值得注意的是,在波兰立陶宛联邦存在期间形成并在俄罗斯帝国“西部省份”土地上保留其主要特征的地主农业制度,在研究期间正处于变革过程中。在全俄罗斯社会经济和政治因素的影响下,地方贵族阶层获得了新的特点,同时保留了其经济和文化特点,例如,在口头交流中团结程度较低,这影响了对农奴的剥削强度和对农奴的照顾性质。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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CiteScore
0.40
自引率
0.00%
发文量
35
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