RENDEMEN AND CHARACTERISTICS OF PEKTINS RED DRAGON FRUIT LEATHER (Hylocereus costaricensis) WITH THE DIFFERENCE IN EXTRACTION METHOD AND TIME

Abstract

This study aims to determine the effect of the method and time of extraction on the yield and characteristics of pektin Pectin extracted from red dragon fruit peel according to the SNI pektin (012238-1991) and the International Pektin Producers Association (IPPA) 2003. The experimentals design was a Completely Randomized Design with 2 factors. The first factor was the extraction method used, namely (M1 = conventional method, M2 = ultrasonik method). The second factor was extraction time (W1 = 15 minutes, W2 = 30 minutes, W3 = 60 minutes, and W4 = 90 minutes. The experiment was carried out with three replications. The results showed that the extraction method had a significant effect on yield, equivalent weight (BE), galacturonic acid content, degree of esterification, water content and ash content, but had no significant effect on methoxyl content. Extraction time significantly affected the yield, BE, methoxyl content, galacturonic acid content, degree of esterification, water content and ash content. While the interaction of the two treatments significantly affected the yield, equivalent weight, and water content. The highest yield was 13.57% obtained from the ultrasonic method for 60 minutes. BE pectin produced either by conventional method or ultrasonic method with extraction time of 30 and 60 minutes has met the standards of IPPA (2003) and SNI pectin (01-2238-1991).