Treated and untreated anovulation associated with ovarian and uterine blood flow in Arabian mares (a case study)

A. A. El-Maaty, Y. E. Baghdady, K. A. Elshahat, M. Helmy, E. Abdelnaby
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Abstract

To investigate the development of treated and untreated hormonal anovulatory follicles (AnOV) associated with uterine and ovarian vascularization, rectal Doppler ultrasound of seven Arabian mares was performed before and after the development of an AnOV. In addition to measuring the diameter, area and volume of the follicle, daily colour and power Doppler scans were analysed in order to measure red, blue and power blood flow areas in pixels. Serum levels of estradiol (E2), progesterone (P4), leptin, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-1) and nitric oxide (NO) were measured as well. The diameter (cm), area (cm2), volume (cm3), area in pixels, antral area in pixels, circumference, and percentage change in circulation of the AnOV progressively increased (P<0.0001) after the disappearance of uterine oedema compared to the values obtained during oedema. The blue, total colour and power areas of the AnOV increased after the disappearance of uterine oedema (P<0.0001). When the antral area was excluded, the percentage of the granulosa layer in the colour and power Doppler decreased after the disappearance of uterine oedema. The ipsilateral uterine horn and uterine body had significantly (P<0.0001) high blue and red blood flow vascularization areas in the presence of uterine oedema. The AnOV was associated with low P4, IGF-1 (P<0.001), and leptin (P<0.05). Treatment of the AnOV follicle with GnRH resulted in its luteinization and induced ovulation 9 and 30 days later. It can be concluded that an abrupt increase in blood flow due to decreased progesterone and E2 and increased IGF-1 causes anovulation. The absence of oestrous behaviour and high uterine-oedema-associated follicular and ipsilateral uterine horn vascularization are predictors of ovulation failure.
阿拉伯母马经治疗和未治疗的与卵巢和子宫血流相关的无排卵(一个案例研究)
为了研究治疗和未治疗的与子宫和卵巢血管化相关的激素无排卵卵泡(AnOV)的发展,在AnOV发生前后对7匹阿拉伯母马进行了直肠多普勒超声检查。除了测量卵泡的直径、面积和体积外,研究人员还分析了每天的颜色和功率多普勒扫描,以像素为单位测量红、蓝和功率血流区域。同时测定血清雌二醇(E2)、孕酮(P4)、瘦素、胰岛素样生长因子-1 (IGF-1)、一氧化氮(NO)水平。与水肿时相比,子宫水肿消失后AnOV直径(cm)、面积(cm2)、体积(cm3)、像元面积、心房像元面积、周长和循环变化百分比逐渐增加(P<0.0001)。子宫水肿消失后,AnOV的蓝色、总颜色和功率面积均增加(P<0.0001)。排除窦区后,子宫水肿消失后,彩色和功率多普勒显示颗粒层的百分率下降。子宫水肿时,同侧子宫角和子宫体有明显(P<0.0001)高蓝色和红色血流量血管化区。AnOV与低P4、IGF-1 (P<0.001)和瘦素(P<0.05)相关。用GnRH治疗AnOV卵泡可导致其黄体生成,并在9天和30天后诱导排卵。由此可见,由于孕酮和E2的减少以及IGF-1的增加,导致血流量的突然增加导致无排卵。缺乏发情行为和子宫水肿相关的高卵泡和同侧子宫角血管化是排卵失败的预测因素。
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