Hollandite‐Rich Ceramics for the Immobilisation of Cs

Abstract

Ceramic waste forms consisting mainly of Cr-, Ni-, Zn-, Mn-, Fe- or Co- substituted titanate hollandites to immobilise Cs-rich wastes are put forward. These are designed to be processed by melting in air at ∼1350°C. Alternate hot consolidation methods-sintering and hot isostatic pressing at ∼1250°C were investigated for the above as well as Al-, Ga-, and Mg-substituted titanate hollandite waste forms. Detailed characterisation electron microscopy is presented on all materials. The sintered and HIPed hollandite containing waste forms had normalised PCT Cs leachate concentrations of< 0.6 g/L.